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The  days  that  are  past 


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THE 


DAYS   THAT   ARE    PAST, 


BY 


THOMAS  JAMES  SHEPHERD, 

FOURTH  PASTOR  OF  PHILADELPHIA  N.  L.   FIRST  PRESBYTERIAN 
CHURCH. 


PHILADELPHIA: 

LINDSAY   &   BLAKISTON. 
1864. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1864, 
By  Lindsay  &BLAKISTON, 

In  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  the  United  States  for  the 
Eastern  District  of  Pennsylvania. 


PHILADELPHIA: 
CAXTON     PRESS     OP     C.    SHERMAN,    SON    &    CO. 


TO      THE 


nuttu,  §UiU,  m%i  Mnnhu^ 


FIRST  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH 


Nort!)ern  Cibi^rtics, 


PHILADELPHIA 


BY      THEIR      PASTOR. 


PREFACE. 


The  month  of  January,  1864,  witnessed 
the  semi-centennial  anniversary  of  three 
closely  related  events  in  the  history  of  "The 
First  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  Northern 
Liberties,"  namely,  the  investment  of  the  Con- 
gregation, by  the  Commonwealth  of  Penn- 
sylvania, with  corporate  powers,  on  the  sixth 
day  of  January,  1814;  the  installation  of  the 
first  pastor,  the  Rev.  James  Patterson,  on  the 
eleventh  day;  and  the  formal  organization  of 
the  Church  on  the  twelfth  day. 

In  commemoration  of  these  events,  and  in 
testimony  to  that   exceeding   grace   of  God 


viii  PREFACE. 

which,  through  fifty  years,  had  been  signally 
revealed  to  the  Church  and  Congregation,  the 
present  pastor,  on  the  seventeenth  and  twenty- 
fourth  days  of  January  last,  preached  dis- 
courses which,  without  change  in  matter  or 
form,  but,  with  additional  illustrations  in  foot- 
notes and  in  an  appendix,  appear  in  the  fol- 
lowing pages. 

The  publication  is  made  in  response  to 
urgent  request,  and  in  hope  of  adding  some- 
thing to  the  rapidly  accumulating  and  already 
quite  invaluable  material  of  Presbyterian 
Church  History. 


CONTENTS. 


PAGE 

Corporate  Title  of  the  Church,         ....  14 

Northern  Liberties, 15 

Early  Times, 17 

Campingtown, 19 

Fifty  Years  Ago, 21 

Presbyterian  Beginnings, 23 

Church  Edifice,  Second  and  Coates,        ...  25 

Elders  of  the  Forming  Congregation,   ...  28 

First  Pastor  :  Kev.  James  Patterson,       ...  29 

Earlier  Life, 33 

Religious  Character, 37 

Intellectual  Character,  ......  39 

Personal  Appearance,     ......  41 

The  City,  when  he  came  to  it,        .         .         .         .  43 

Francis  Markoe,  Esq.,    ......  47 

Week-night  Gatherings,         .....  51 

Sunday-schools,       .......  53 

First  Great  Revival  in  1816, 54 

Revival  following  Revival,    .....  57 

Field  Preaching,     .......  59 

Pecuniary  Embarrassment  of  Corporation,  .         .  61 


CONTENTS. 


Second  Church,  Northern  Liberties, 

Third  Church,  Northern  Liberties, 

Extension  of  Church  Influence,     . 

New  Church  Edifice, 

Death,  ..... 

Eesults  of  Mr.  Patterson's  Ministry, 
Second  Pastor  :  Eev.  Dr.  Carroll,     . 

Earlier  Life,  .... 

Qualifications  for  the  Pastorate,     . 

Embarrassments,     .... 

Ending  of  Pastorate, 

Death, 

Third  Pastor  :  Eev.  Dr.  Ely, 

Earlier  Life, 

Qualifications  for  the  Pastorate, 

Ministry,  ..... 

Closing  Days, ..... 

Funeral,  ...... 

Fourth  Pastor  :  Eev.  Thomas  James  Shepherd, 

Eleven  Years'  Work, 
Modes  of  Warming  Church  Edifice,  . 
Modes  of  Lighting  Church  Edifice,  . 
Church  Efficiency  in  Sunday-Schools, 
Catalogue  of  Sunday-Schools. 

Coates  Street, . 


Spring  Garden,  Cohock 
Kensington,-   . 
Colored,  . 
Nazarene, 


ink, 


PAGE 

67 

69 

71 

73 

76 

78 

80 

81 

83 

87 

91 

93 

94 

96 

98 

101 

103 

105 

106 

109 

121 

123 

125 

127 

128 
129 
131 
132 


CONTENTS. 


XI 


PAGE 

Combined  Schools  :  four, 133 

Barton,    Hart  Lane,    Eising  Sun,    Kace  Street, 

Eastburn, 135 

Kirke  White,  Infant, 136 

Missionary,  Marion,  Coates  Street  Colored, 

Union, 137 

Penn  Hose,  Briggsville, 138 

Sunday-School  Instkuction,        .....  139 

Sunday-School  Libraries, 141 

Sunday-School  Charities, 143 

Eldership,       .         .         . 144 

Elders  Dying  in  Office. 

John  Gourley, 146 

Kobert  Sawyer, 147 

Joseph  Abbott, 150 

Isaac  Will, 152 

Charles  Deal,  ........  155 

Perpetuity  of  Church  Life, 159 

The  Landscape's  Eye, 161 

Kesponsibility  of  Individuals, 163 

Shortness  of  Life's  Working  Term,  ....  165 


APPEISTDIX. 

I.  Charter  of  the  Church,    .... 

II.  Trustees  of  the  Corporation,    . 

III.  Names  of  Communicants  at  organization, 

IV.  Sunday-schools  and  Superintendents, 

V.  Pastors  and  Elders, 


167 
175 
180 
181 
190 


THE 


DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 


Ask  now  of  the  days  that  are  past. 

Deut.  4  :  32. 


To  inquire  of  the  days  that  are  past  in  re- 
spect to  the  persons  and  events  of  History  is 
to  experience  a  peculiar  pleasure.  It  is  well 
said  by  the  historian  Niebuhr,  "  He  who  calls 
what  has  vanished  back  into  being,  enjoys  a 
bliss  like  that  of  creating." 

The  finished  term  of  fifty  years  since  the 
organization  of  this  Church  and  the  settle- 
ment of  its  first  pastor,  is  a  proper  occasion 
to  interrogate  the  past.  With  ampler  mate- 
rial and  greater  leisure,  I  might  have  made 

2 


14         THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

the  inquiry  more  complete  and  more  accept- 
able ;  but,  I  trust  that  what  I  have  been  able 
to  achieve  will  prove  not  altogether  ungrate- 
ful to  the  members  of  the  Church  and  Con- 
gregation. 

The  corporate  title  of  this  Church  is  "  The 
First  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  North- 
ern Liberties."*  This  title  carries  thought 
back  to  the  beginnings  of  population  and  of 
Presbjterianism  in  that  large  District,  once  a 
suburb,  now  a  part  of  the  City  of  Phila- 
delphia. 

Few  have  need  to  be  told  that  the  original 
limits  of  Philadelphia  were  the  Delaware  and 
Schuylkill  Kivers,  east  and  west,  and  Vine 
and  Cedar  Streets,  north  and  south.  Along 
the  Delaware,  above  and  below  city  limits, 
population  early  began  to  form.     The  section 

*  See  Appendix  I. 


NORTHERN  LIBERTIES.  15 

above  city  limits  was  commonly  designated 
"  North  End ;"  that  below  city  limits,  "  South 
End,"  or  "  Society  Hill."*  But  when  the 
growth  of  population  had  made  municipal 
government  a  necessity,  the  suburbs  were 
erected  into  separate  municipalities  :  the  sub- 
urb, south,  into  the  municipality  of  ''  South- 
wark;"  the  suburb,  north,  into  the  munici- 
pality of  "The  Northern  Liberties." 

The  District  of  the  Northern  Liberties  was 
incorporated  in  the  year  1803,  and  was  con- 
solidated with  the  City  in  1854.  At  the 
time  of  its  incorporation,  its  inhabitants 
numbered  about  sixteen  thousand,  and  its 
compactly  buift  portions  had,  at  no  point,  a 
greater  westward  extension  than  the  line  of 
Third  Street;  at  the  time  of  its  consolida- 
tion, its  inhabitants  numbered  about  sixty 
thousand,  whilst  over  its  whole  area,  as  de- 

*  Watson's  Annals. 


16  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

fined  by  the  Delaware,  Cohocksink  Creek, 
Sixth  Street,  and  Vine  Street,  spread  densely 
crowded  buildings,  and,  beyond  it,  there 
stretched  away  the  comparatively  recent,  yet 
rapidly  advancing  municipalities  of  Kensing- 
ton^  Spring  Garden,  and  Penn  Township, 
cities  in  themselves. 

Of  the  first  appearances  of  the  North  End 
no  memorials  now  remain,  and  few  traces  of 
what  the  Liberties  were  even  fifty  years  ago. 
In  early  times,  from  Callowhill  Street  to  the 
Run,  which  the  great  sewer  under  Willow 
Street  hides,  and  which,  originally  bearing 
the  euphonious  Indian  name  Cohoquinoque, 
was  subsequently  known  as  Pegg's  Run, 
steep  descents  led  down  to  broad  marshes, 
where  tide-waters  flowed,  and  occasionally  so 
flooded  that  boats  were  needed  to  cross  them. 
These  marshes,  green  in  the  summer  with 
coarse  grasses  and  shrubs,  and  alive  with  the 


EARLY  TIMES.  17 

birds  which  sportsmen  from  the  City  keenly 
hunted,  were  first  bridged  by  a  long  cause- 
way in  the  line  of  Front  Street.  Beyond 
these  marshes,  as  one  went  northward,  the 
firm  ground  was  densely  wooded,  and  was 
cleared  for  tillage  chiefly  by  two  proprietors, 
Daniel  Pegg  and  William  Coates.  Pegg  re- 
sided on  his  farm;  building  for  himself  a 
house  which  stood  on  what  is  now  the  west 
side  of  Front  Street,  a  little  below  Green, 
and  which  was  usually  called  "  The  Big  Brick 
House  at  the  North  End."* 

In  later  times,  and  immediately  after  the 
defeat  of  General  Braddock  by  the  French 
and  Indians  in  the  year  1755,  the  North  End 
was  the  site  of  barracks  built  by  the  British 
Government  for  troops  deemed  necessary  for 
the  City's  protection.  The  ground  on  which 
these   barracks  stood  was    the    square  lying 

*  "Watson's  Annals. 
2* 


18  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

between  Second  and  Third  and  Buttonwood 
and  Green  Streets,  and,  when  chosen  for  this 
purpose,  was  a  field  of  luxuriant  buckwheat. 
The  barracks  consisted  of  brick  houses,  two 
stories  high,  with  a  portico  around  the  whole 
hollow  square,  and  furnished  accommodations 
for  three  thousand  men,  with  their  officers.* 
Their  location  was  so  remote  from  town  that 
young  men  and  maidens  in  the  City  were  ac- 
customed, on  holiday  occasions,  to  form  par- 
ties and  to  visit  the  Parade  Ground  directly 
east  of  them,  under  the  double  incentive  of 
witnessing  the  drill  of  the  soldiers  and  of 
enjoying  a  walk  to  the  country.  For  the 
convenience  of  soldiers  and  citizens,  another 
long  causeway  across  the  marshes  of  Pegg's 
Run,  in  the  line  of  Second  Street,  was  built; 
and,  facilitating  intercourse  between  the  City 
and  the  North  End,  was  a  powerful  stimulus 

*  Watson's  Annals. 


CAMPINGTOWN.  19 

to  the  growth  of  a  resident  population.  It  is, 
however,  a  strong  proof  of  the  predominant 
soldier  element  in  the  gathering  population 
that  the  town,  condensing  about  the  barracks, 
was  early  named  Campingtown,  and,  in  the 
abbreviations,  Campington  and  Camptoion  is 
still  familiar  to  all  middle-aged  residents  of 
the  District.* 

In  times  later  still,  when  the  war  for  Inde-. 
pendence  had  subjected  Philadelphia  to  the 
occupancy  of  a  British  army,  the  barracks  at 
Campingtown  were  not  only  filled  with  sol- 
diers but  the  Cohocksink  Creek  was  dammed, 
to   make    the  flooded  meadows  a  barrier  of 

*  According  to  Watson,  Campingtown,  in  times  not  very- 
remote,  was  well  entitled  to  the  designation  Fightingtown. 
He  says:  "The  Northern  Liberties  about  Camptown  and 
Pegg's  Kun  used  to  be  in  agitation  almost  every  Saturday- 
night  by-  the  regular  clans  of  '  rough  and  .tumble '  fighting 
between  the  ship-carpenters  from  Kensington  and  the  butch- 
ers from  Spring  Garden, — the  public  authority  not  even  at- 
tempting to  hinder  them,  as  it  was  deemed  an  affair  out  of 
town." 


20  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

defence,  and  the  high  ground  between  the 
Delaware  and  Schuylkill  Rivers  was  strongly 
fortified.  One  of  the  six  fortifications  that 
stretched  from  river  to  river,  stood  on  the 
Delaware  near  the  foot  of  Brown  Street ;  an- 
other, in  an  open  grass  lot  on  the  line  of  the 
present  Second  Street  immediately  east  of 
where  the  first  St.  John's  Methodist  Church, 
on  St.  John  Street,  stood ;  another,  on  the 
ground  where  Sixth  and  Poplar  Streets  now 
intersect;  another,  on  Bush  Hill;  another, 
near  Fairmount;  and  the  other  remaining 
one  on  Market  west  of  Broad  Street ;  whilst 
between  them  all,  from  one  to  the  other, 
stretched  stockades  and  formidable  barriers 
of  trees.* 

But  these  memorials  of  early  and  later 
times,  with  many  others  that  I  may  not  stay 
to   mention,    have    all    passed    away.       The 

^  Watson's  Annals. 


FIFTY  YEARS  AGO.  21 

steeps  above  Pegg's  Kiin  have  become  gentle 
slopes ;  the  marshes  along  Pegg's  Rmi  have 
hidden  under  streets  and  buildings ;  the  slug- 
gish waters  of  Pegg's  Run  itself  have  found  a 
tunnelled  channel-way  where  sunbeam  never 
comes;  and  the  barracks  of  Campingtown, 
and  the  meadows  of  Cohocksink,  and  the  forts 
between  the  rivers,  have  alike  disappeared. 

Nor  are  we  able  to  detect  much  that  ex- 
isted fifty  years  ago.  From  the  Delaware  to 
Third  Street  and  from  Vine  Street  to  Poplar 
Lane,  the  plat  of  the  District  was  substan- 
tially what  it  now  is ;  but  most  of  the  streets 
were  unpaved,  one  half  of  the  buildings  were 
of  wood,  and  numerous  vacant  lots  were  here 
and  there  to  be  seen.  The  rude  beginnings 
of  Fourth  Street,  north  of  Callowhill,  had 
just  become  visible,  but  no  traces  of  Fifth 
and  Sixth  Streets  had  appeared.  The  Old 
York  Road  was  the  only  highway  across  the 


22  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

commons,  and  Green  Street  west  of  Third 
was  a  long  line  of  ponds  and  brick-yards.* 
The  houses  of  worship  in  the  District  were 
few  and  unpretending,  most  church-goers 
walking  to  the  City,  and  where  these  houses 
stood,  stand  now,  with  scarcely  an  exception, 
rows  of  shops. 

But,  turning  from  the  beginnings  of  popu- 
lation, let  me  describe  the  beginnings  of 
Presbyterianism  in  the  Northern  Liberties. 
When,  in  the  second  half  of  the  last  century, 
a  town  began  to  form  in  close  proximity  to 
the  barracks,  the  spiritual  wants  of  its  people 
awakened  the  concern  of  the  Second  Presby- 
terian Church  in  the  City  worshipping  at 
Third  and  Arch  Streets.  This  Church  had 
had  its  origin  in  the  great  revival  under  Mr. 
Whitefield's  ministry,  and  was   distinguished 

*  Watson's  Annals. 


PRESBYTERIAN  BEGINNINGS.  23 

for  zeal  in  labors  to  propagate  the  Gospel. 
Its  first  pastor,  the  famous  Gilbert  Tennent,* 
was  as  eminent  for  public  spirit  as  for  preach- 
ing talent;  and,  residing,  for  the  most  part, 
at  a  country  place  called  Bedminster,  now 
Fourth  and  Wood  Streets,  he  displayed  that 
interest  in  the  people  of  the  North  End  which 
brought  many  of  them  under  his  ministra- 
tions. Mr.  Tennent,  dying  in  January,  1764, 
one  hundred  years  ago,  was  succeeded  by  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Sproat,  who  instituted  at  Camping- 
town  regular  religious  services  in  a  small 
house  which  the  Second  Church  had  provided 
and  fitted  up  for  the  purpose. f  During  the 
Revolutionary  War,  these  services  were  sus- 

*  The  name  Tennent  is  frequently  spelled  Tennant.  In  the 
text,  the  spelling  is  that  adopted  by  Webster  in  his  History  of 
the  Presbyterian  Church  in  America,  and  by  other  authori- 
ties. 

f  This  house,  familiarly  called  in  later  times,  "The  Old 
Cannon  House,"  stood  at  the  northeast  corner  of  St.  John  and 
Coates  Streets. 


24  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

pended,  and  the  house  in  which  they  had 
been  held  was  converted  into  a  receptacle  for 
military  stores.*  After  the  Revolutionary 
War,  the  j)roject  of  gathering  a  congregation 
at  Campingtown  was  revived,  but  was  not 
realized  until,  with  special  reference  to  it,  Dr. 
Ashbel  Green,  in  1783,  became  the  colleague 
of  Dr.  Sproat.  The  two  pastors  made  ar- 
rangements for  alternate  Sabbath  services  at 
Campingtown  and  in  the  City;  Dr.  Green 
engaging,  in  addition,  to  preach  at  Camping- 
town every  Wednesday  evening.  It  illus- 
trates the  then  condition  of  the  District,  that 
after  an  experiment  of  six  months,  the  Wed- 
nesday evening  service  was  abandoned,  be- 
cause "  there  was  neither  a  regular  pavement 
nor  any  lamps  in  that  part  of  the  Northern 
Liberties  in  which  the  house  used  for  worship 
was  situated."-}* 

*  Dr.  Green's  Autobiography^,  p.  191.  f  Ibid.,  p.  192, 


CHURCH  ERECTION.  25 

At  length,  the  growth  of  the  Campingtown 
congregation  demanded  better  accommoda- 
tions than  this  small  house  afforded,  and  an 
effort  was  made  to  build  a  church.  Mr.  Wil- 
liam Coates,  a  large  land-owner,  made  dona- 
tion of  the  lot  on  the  northwest  corner  of 
Second  and  Coates  Streets,  then  open  ground, 
and,  as  was  thought,  too  remote  from  the  City 
to  be  ever  disturbed  by  the  noise  of  toil  and 
traffic.  Drs.  Green  and  Janeway,  the  col- 
legiate pastors  of  the  Second  Church,  and 
that  prince  of  lajonen,  Robert  Ralston,  begged 
the  money  to  erect  the  house,  which,  built  of 
brick,  eighty  by  sixty  feet  in  dimensions, 
without  galleries  and  without  a  lecture-room, 
yet,  according  to  Dr.  Green,  "  of  comely  pro- 
portions and  modest  ornaments,"  was  finished 
in  the  spring  of  1805,  and  was  opened  for  pub- 
lic worship  "  on  the  Lord's  Day,  April  7th."* 

*  Mr.  Isaac  Snowden,  in  a  manuscript  journal,  now  in  the 

custody  of  the  Presbyterian  Historical  Society,  describes  the 

3 


26  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

In  this  house,   religious  worshij)  had    for 
eight  years  been  statedly  held,  when,   from 

opening  of  this  house  for  worship.  He  says :  "The  service 
of  the  consecration  or  solemn  dedication  of  the  new  Church 
in  Campingtown  began  with  a  short  introductory  prayer  for 
a  blessing  by  Dr.  Green.  Then  Mr.  Bradford  read  the  sixth 
chapter  of  Second  Chronicles,  and  gave  out  a  hymn.  Mr. 
Janeway  prayed  and  gave  out  the  122d  Psalm. 

"Dr.  Green  preached  from  2  Chronicles  6  :  40,  41 :  'Now, 
my  God,  let,  I  beseech  thee,  thine  eyes  be  open,  and  let  thine 
ears  be  attent  unto  the  prayer  that  is  made  in  this  place. 
Now,  therefore,  arise,  O  Lord  God,  into  thy  resting-place, 
thou,  and  the  ark  of  thy  strength :  let  thy  priests,  O  Lord 
God,  be  clothed  with  salvation,  and  let  thy  saints  rejoice  in 
goodness.' 

"Evening,  Mr.  Janeway  preached  from  1  Kings  8  :  27 :  '  But 
will  God,  indeed,  dwell  on  the  earth  ?  Behold  the  heaven, 
and  the  heaven  of  heavens  cannot  contain  thee ;  how  much 
less  this  house  that  I  have  builded.' 

"The  church  was  exceedingly  crowded  both  morning  and 
evening." 

Dr.  Green's  sermon  was  published.  In  it  occurs  the  follow- 
ing passage:  "Sacred  edifice!  long  the  object  of  my  wishes, 
my  hopes,  my  labors,  and  my  prayers,  mayst  thou  never  be 
profaned,  abused,  and  polluted  by  unhallowed  lips.  May  thy 
consecrated  walls  resound  only  with  evangelical  truth.  May 
no  false  doctrine,  heresy,  or  error  ever  be  uttered  here ;  if  it 


CHURCH  ORGANIZATION.  27 

the  growth  of  the  District  and  of  the  congre- 
gation as  well,  it  was  judged  expedient  to 
take  measures  for  the  organization  of  a  church 
and  for  the  settlement  of  a  pastor  who,  col- 
legiate with  the  pastors  of  the  Second  Church, 
should  jet  reside  in  the  District  and  give  to 
Presbyterian  families  there  the  long-needed 
oversight. 

shall,  let  the  stone  cry  out  of  the  wall  and  let  the  beam  out  of  the 
timber  answer  it,  and  let  them  confound  the  wretch  who  shall 
here  attempt  to  pervert  the  Word  of  Life  and  to  beguile  un- 
wary souls.  Gracious  God !  our  hope  is  in  Thee  alone.  Let 
this  place  ever  be  the  witness  only  of  worship  that  is  pure, 
and  of  doctrine  that  is  sound ;  that  many  sons  and  daughters, 
through  successive  ages,  when  we  are  mouldering  under  the 
clods  of  the  valley,  may  here  be  born  to  Thee,  and  hence  be 
translated  to  the  house  not  made  with  hands,  eternal  in  the 
heavens." 

The  prayer  that  truth  might  be  spoken  in  the  dedicated 
house,  and  that  in  it  many  might  be  born  again  was  signally 
answered ;  but  the  house  did  not  stand,  as  Dr.  Green  antici- 
pated, "through  successive  ages."  It  illustrates  man's  igno- 
rance of  the  future  and  a  growing  city's  changes  that  Dr. 
Green,  who  died  in  1848,  should  himself  see  the  sacred  edifice 
he  had  toiled  to  rear  demolished,  and,  in  its  stead,  for  near  a 
score  of  years,  the  shops  of  busy  industry. 


28  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

The  first  movement  in  this  direction  was 
the  election,  by  order  of  Philadelphia  Presby- 
tery, and  with  consent  of  the  Second  Church 
Session,  of  six  men,  members  of  the  Second 
Church  but  attendants  upon  the  worship  at 
Second  and  Coates,  who  should  serve  as  elders 
of  the  forming  congregation.  Of  the  six  men, 
elected  May  10,  1813,  four  only  consented  to 
serve.  These  four,  Samuel  Macferran,  Joseph 
Abbott,  John  Gourley,  and  Thomas  White, 
were,  on  the  afternoon  of  Sabbath,  23d  May, 
1813,  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Janeway,  then  sole 
pastor  of  the  Second  Church,  solemnly  or- 
dained and  installed.* 

The  first  care  of  these  Elders  of  a  congre- 
gation, but  not  of  a  church,  was  the  secure- 
ment  of  supplies  for  the  pulpit,  with  the  view 
of  finding  an  acceptable  minister.     Mr.  Rich- 

^  Dr.  Green,  in  October,   1812,  had  entered  on  the  Presi- 
dency of  Princeton  College. 


FIRST  PASTOR.  29 

ards,  Mr.  Crane,  Mr.  Galpin,  and  Mr.  Pat- 
terson were  employed,  in  succession,  each  a 
month.*  The  choice  of  the  congregation  fell, 
at  length,  upon  the  Rev.  James  Patterson, 
who,  at  a  meeting  held  Monday,  27th  of  Sep- 
tember, 1813,  and  moderated  by  Rev.  Dr. 
Janeway,  was  elected  pastor. 

At  an  adjourned  meeting  of  Philadelphia 
Presbytery,  held  Tuesday,  16th  November, 
1813,  Mr.  Patterson,  on  letters  from  New 
Brunswick  Presbytery,  was  received  as  a 
member ;  the  call  from  "  the  Congregation  of 
the  First  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  North- 
ern Liberties  of  Philadelphia,"  was  put  into 
his  hands,  and,  upon  his  acceptance  of  the 
call,  order  was  taken  for  his  installation  on 
the  second  Tuesday  of  January,  1814. 

*  Of  Mr.  Richards,  nothing  is  known.  In  the  minutes  of 
Assembly  for  the  year  1814,  John  R.  Crane  is  reported  as  a 
Licentiate  of  Jersey  Presbytery,  and  Horace  Galpin  as  a  Li- 
centiate of  the  Presbytery  of  New  Brunswick. 

3* 


30  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST 

Meanwhile,  efforts  went  forward  to  perfect 
the  organization  of  a  Presbyterian  Church, 
distinct  and  separate  from  the  Second  Church. 
An  application  was  made  to  the  Session  of 
the  Second  Church  by  fifty-two  persons,  com- 
municants in  said  church  but  worshippers  at 
Second  and  Coates  Streets,  to  be  dismissed 
for  the  purpose  of  forming  ''  The  First  Pres- 
byterian Church  in  the  Northern  Liberties." 
An  application  was  also  made  to  the  Com- 
monwealth of  Pennsylvania  by  the  pew- 
holders  in  the  church  edifice  at  Second  and 
Coates  Streets  to  be  constituted  "  a  corpora- 
tion and  body  politic  in  law  and  in  fact." 
Both  applications  were  granted.  The  act  of 
incorporation  was  consummated  January  6  th; 
the  formal  organization  of  the  Church  was 
effected  January  12th,  1814.* 

The  day  preceding  the  formal  organization 

*  See  Appendix  IT  and  TTT. 


FIRST  PASTOR:  INSTALLATION.  31 

of  the  Church,  Mr.  Patterson  was  installed 
into  the  pastorate.  A  large  congregation 
assembled  at  11  o'clock  on  the  morning  of 
Tuesday,  11th  January,  1814,  to  witness  the 
installation.  The  Committee  of  Presbytery, 
consisting  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Janeway  and  the 
Rev.  Messrs.  Burch*  and  Joyce,f  occupied 
the  pulpit,  whilst  the  pastor  elect,  Mr.  Patter- 
son, sat  in  a  slip  below.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Burch 
presided,  proposed  the  constitutional  ques- 
tions and  made  the  installing  prayer.  The 
Rev.  Mr.  Joyce  preached  the  sermon,  and  the 

■^  The  Kev.  James  K.  Burch,  a  minister  of  Philadelphia 
Presbytery,  was,  at  the  time  of  Mr.  Patterson's  installation, 
the  pastor  of  a  forming,  feeble  Church,  denominated  the  Fifth 
Presbyterian  Church,  of  Philadelphia.  In  the  pastorate  of 
this  Church  he  was  succeeded  by  Dr.  Skinner. 

f  The  Eev.  John  Joyce,  also  a  minister  of  Philadelphia 
Presbytery,  was,  in  1814,  pastor  of  the  Independent  Taber- 
nacle Presbyterian  Church,  then  in  Ranstead  Court,  above 
Fourth,  between  Chestnut  and  Market  Streets.  He  was  from 
England,  and  labored  in  Philadelphia  with  much  acceptance 
for  some  years. 


32  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

Rev.  Dr.  Janeway  delivered  an  impressive 
charge,  first  to  the  pastor  and  then  to  the 
people.  The  whole  service  was  a  solemn  and 
tender  one ;  and  when,  at  the  closer,  the  heads 
of  families,  coming  forward  to  their  pastor, 
gave  him  the  right  hand,  in  token  of  cordial 
reception  and  affectionate  regard,  many  an 
eye  softened  in  sympathy  with  the  tearful 
emotion  that  eloquently  told  the  sense  of  a 
new,  eventful  responsibility. 

Mr.  Patterson,  at  the  time  of  his  installa- 
tion, was  in  the  thirty-fifth  year  of  his  age.* 
Born  on  the  17th  of  March,  1779,  at  Ervina, 
Bucks  County,  near  the  Delaware,  he  was, 
while  yet  a  youth,  after  a  season  of  protracted 
mental  suffering,  amounting  frequently  to 
anguish,  born  again  at   Strasburg,   Franklin 

*  In  sketching  the  life  and  ministry  of  Mr.  Patterson,  free 
use  has  been  made  of  his  Memoir,  by  Rev.  Eobert  Adair :  of 
Sprague's  Annals,  fourth  volume ;  and  of  the  statements  of 
Mrs.  Patterson,  who  still  survives  him. 


FIRST  PASTOR:  EARLIER  LIFE.  33 

County,  in  the  beautiful  Cumberland  Valley. 
Devoting  himself  to  the  service  of  God,  he 
began  with  characteristic  energy  and  zeal  the 
work  of  preparation  for  the  ministry. 

With  the  standing  of  a  consistent  Chris- 
tian and  of  a  good  scholar,  he  graduated  from 
Jefferson  College,  Canonsburg,  in  1804 ;  was 
for  some  time  a  classical  teacher  in  Trenton, 
New  Jersey;  was  appointed  in  1806,  a  tutor 
in  Princeton  College,  where,  under  direction 
of  Drs.  Smith  and  Kollock,  he  studied  Theo- 
logy ;  and,  on  Wednesday,  the  5th  day  of  Oc- 
tober, 1808,  by  the  Presbytery  of  New  Bruns- 
wick, was  licensed  to  preach  the  Gospel. 

In  June,  1809,  he  was  called  to  the  Church 
of  Bound  Brook,  New  Jersey,  and  was  in- 
stalled there,  by  the  Presbytery  which  licensed 
him,  on  Wednesday,  the  9  th  day  of  August 
following. 

Resigning  his  charge  in  June,  1813,  and 


34  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

called  to  Philadelphia  at  the  close  of  Septem- 
ber in  that  year,  he  entered  on  his  pastoral 
work  in  the  Liberties  at  the  opening  of  1814, 
when  the  gloom  of  war  lay  thickest  on  the 
City,  and  when,  from  nmnerous  other  causes, 
the  prospect  of  success  was  anything  else  than 
bright. 

In  the  midst  of  a  terrible  war  to-day,  we 
can  appreciate  somewhat  the  state  of  public 
feeling,  fifty  years  ago ;  but,  the  circumstances 
of  our  City  now  differ  so  widely  from  its  cir- 
cumstances then,  that  we  cannot  possibly  con- 
ceive the  darkness  and  depression  which 
characterized  those  times. 

During  the  present  struggle,  Philadelphia 
has  had  an  unobstructed  access  to  the  sea, 
and  a  powerful  stimulus  to  her  industry.  At 
no  period  of  her  history,  perhaps,  have  her 
shops  been  busier,  or  her  warehouses  fuller, 


FIRST  PASTOR:  DISCOURAGEMENTS.  35 

or  her  manufacturers    and   merchants   more 
prosperous. 

But,  far  otherwise  was  it,  fifty  years  ago. 
Then,  our  harbor  was  blockaded ;  our  coast- 
wise communications  cut  off;  our  railroads 
unbuilt,  indeed,  un thought  of;  our  trade 
almost  annihilated;  our  industry  well-nigh 
paralyzed;  our  currency  frightfully  deranged; 
our  population  distressed,  disheartened,  de- 
spondent. The  necessaries  of  life  were  dou- 
bled in  price ;  and,  so  bitter  were  the  differ- 
ences of  political  opinion  that  the  intercourse 
of  society  was  constantly  checked  and  the 
peace  of  households  not  infrequently  broken.* 

A  more  unpromising  time  to  attempt  the 
difficult  enterprise  of  gathering  a  self-sustain- 
ing congregation  could  scarcely  be  imagined ; 
and  yet  the  time  was  not  the  sole  or  the  chief 
discouragement   Mr.    Patterson   encountered. 

*  See  the  Journals  of  tliat  day. 


36  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

His  little  band  of  communicants,  fifty-two  in 
number,  were  not  able  to  aid  him  much. 
Three-fourths  of  them  were  females ;  nine- 
tenths  of  them  were  poor ;  all  of  them  were 
unaccustomed  to  work  together,  and  so  were 
unpractised,  undisciplined,  untrained. 

His  stated  hearers,  moreover,  were  depress- 
ingly  few,  and,  from  long  dependence  on  the 
Second  Church,  were  quite  indisposed  to  make 
sustained  and  steady  effort  to  achieve  enlarge- 
ment. 

Besides,  his  accessible  material  consisted 
mainly  of  the  population  usually  found  in  the 
suburbs  of  cities,  and  usually  noted  for  the 
bad  pre-eminence  of  ignorance,  poverty,  vice, 
crime.  Most  of  the  families  which,  f)0ssessed 
of  intelligence  and  wealth,  had,  from  busi- 
ness or  other  relations,  become  residents  of 
the  District,  were  accustomed  to  seek,  if 
church-goers  at  all,  the  more  stately  edifices, 


FIRST  PASTOR:  RELIGIOUS  CHARACTER.        37 

and  the  more  congenial  companionships  of 
the  City. 

And,  as  if  to  make  the  list  of  discourage- 
ments overwhelmingly  formidable,  his  only 
place  of  assembling  the  people  was,  despite 
Dr.  Green's  commendation  of  it,  a  large,  cold, 
unattractive  house  of  worship,  with  a  ceiling 
so  lofty,  and  withal  so  arched,  that  no  occupant 
of  its  pulpit  could  speak  with  ease,  and  few 
occupants  of  its  pews  could  hear  with  comfort. 

But  Mr.  Patterson  had  some  singular  quali- 
fications for  his  new  and  untried  field.  Fore- 
most among  these  qualifications  was  his  i^eli- 
gio7is  character.  His  piety  was  pre-eminently 
trusting  and  self-sacrificing.  He  had  an  un- 
limited confidence  in  God ;  he  was  ready  at 
any  moment  when  duty  called  to  renounce 
ease,  money,  reputation,  health,  life,  every- 
thing, indeed,  which  the  natural  heart  so  in- 
stinctively clings  to. 


38  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

Looking  to  God  in  strong,  firm  faith,  he 
was  a  man  of  abomiding  prayer.  "  He  prayed 
on  all  occasions  and  over  all  subjects,  and 
with  whomsoever  he  might  be.  He  prayed 
not  as  a  matter  of  form  or  of  mere  duty ;  but 
he  praj'ed  because  he  loved  to  pray,  and 
because  he  had  faith  in  a  God  who  hears 
prayer."* 

Obeying,  in  the  spirit  of  Christ,  the  law  of 
self-sacrifice,  he  was  a  man  of  untiring  bene- 
volence. He  had  been  led  to  feel  that  his 
mission  and  ministry  were  mainly  to  the 
poor;  that  his  one,  all-comprehensive,  all- 
commanding  life-work  was  to  lift  up  the  de- 
graded, to  enlighten  the  ignorant,  to  reclaim 
the  vicious,  to  reform  the  idle,  to  train  for 
usefulness  in  time,  and  for  reward  in  eternity, 
the  neglected  and  the  outcast.  He  was,  thus, 
in  remarkable  degree,  the  man  for  his  place. 

*  Mr.  Barnes,  in  his  Commemorative  Sermon. 


FIRST  PASTOR:  INTELLECTUAL  CHARACTER.     39 

Nor  was  he  better  qualified  for  liis  place  by 
his  religious  than  by  his  intellectual  character. 
His  mind  was  original,  bold,  imaginative, 
powerful. 

His  originality  was  marked.  "  He  thought 
for  himself;  he  thought  in  his  own  way."* 
For  material  of  thought  or  for  modes  of  illus- 
tration, he  never  depended  on  others.  A 
diligent,  devout  student  of  God's  word,  he 
held  and  uttered  what  he  believed  the  Bible 
taught,  regardless  of  what  men,  living  or  dead, 
affirmed  to  the  contrary. 

Nor  was  his  boldness  a  less  marked  charac- 
teristic than  his  originality.  He  was  any- 
thing else  than  a  calm,  slow,  patient  thinker. 
He  never  set  himself  to  investigate  truth  with 
cautious  deliberation,  or  to  track  error  with 
tedious  step,  or  to  besiege  intelligence  with  the 
toilsome  approaches  of  an  all-investing,  irre- 

*  Mr.  Barnes,  in  his  Commemorative  Sermon. 


40  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

sistible  logic.  With  the  clash  and  daring  of 
an  impetuous  soldier  he  bore  to  men's  minds 
principles  which  they  dared  not  dispute  ;  and, 
with  conceptions  the  most  startling,  and 
images  the  most  striking,  he  stormed,  before 
men  were  aware,  the  citadel  of  their  hearts. 

He  had,  too,  as  we  might  expect  from  his 
originality  and  boldness,  an  imagination  sin- 
gularly fertile.  He  was  inexhaustible  in  illus- 
tration. He  cared  little  for  refinements  of 
thought  or  elegances  of  phrase,  but  he  sought 
diligently  and  successfully  the  strong,  the 
arresting,  the  impressive.  Aiming  to  save 
souls,  he  accounted  no  image  too  plain,  and 
no  incident  too  homely  if  it  made  the  truth 
transparently  clear  and  tellingly  effective. 

Hence,  he  had,  in  large  measure,  the  royal 
attribute  of  poioer.  He  could,  at  will,  arrest 
the  attention  of  the  most  thoughtless  and 
touch  the  sensibility  of  the  most  hardened. 


FIRST  PASTOR:  PERSONAL  APPEARANCE.        41 

Using  ever  the  simplest,  strongest,  most 
sinewy,  most  thoroughly  Saxon  forms  of 
speech,  he  carried  conviction  to  the  dullest 
minds,  and  terror  to  the  stoutest  hearts.  He 
was  an  evangelist  of  the  school  of  Whitefield 
and  Gilbert  Tennent;  he  was  a  pastor  of  the 
school  of  Baxter  and  Payson.  Of  all  the 
men  of  his  time  he  was,  beyond  question,  the 
best  adapted  to  the  peculiar  field  and  the 
special  work  to  which  he  was  called. 

But,  in  enumerating  Mr.  Patterson's  singu- 
lar qualifications  for  his  place,  it  must  not  be 
forgotten  that  the  peculiarities  of  his  heart 
and  mind  were  aided  in  an  extraordinary 
manner  by  those  of  his  person.  Six  feet  in 
height,  and  so  spare  that  he  looked  much 
taller ;  with  eyes  black  as  the  raven's  wing, 
and  burning  at  times  like  coals ;  with  a  com- 
plexion dark  but  whitened  not  infrequently 
by  the  paleness  of  feeble  health  ;  with  features 

4* 


42  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

on  which  habitually  rested  a  grave,  almost  a 
sad  expression,  yet  through  which,  occasion- 
ally, stole  a  gleam  of  brightness  like  sunburst 
through  parting  clouds;  with  arms  of  wide 
sweep  and,  in  every  movement,  eloquent  of 
thought  and  passion;  with  a  voice,  moreover, 
strangely  sweet  and  subduing  in  its  lower 
tones,  startlingly  shrill  and  piercing  in  its 
higher ;  he  could  never  be  heard  with  indif- 
ference, whilst  often  he  would  make  an  over- 
whelming impression. 

Such  was  the  man  who,  fifty  years  ago  last 
Monday,*  was  installed  the  first  pastor  of  this 
Church.  At  the  time  of  his  installation  there 
were  but  five  Presbyterian  Churches  in  the 
City  proper,  and,  beside  the  feeble  congrega- 
tion which  he  took  charge  of,  not  one  in  any 
of  the  suburban  Districts. 

Of  the  ^ye  Churches  in  the  City,  three  only 

*  llth  Januarv,  1814. 


PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCHES  IN  THE  CITY.       43 

were  possessed  of  any  strength  in  membership 
or  means:  the  First,  under  the  care  of  Dr. 
James  P.  Wilson;  the  Second,  under  the  col- 
league pastorate  of  Drs.  Janeway  and  Skinner; 
and  the  Third,  absorbed  at  the  time  in  the 
bitter  ecclesiastical  controversy  connected  with 
the  settlement  of  Dr.  Ely. 

It  will  illustrate  the  appearance  of  the  City 
when  Mr.  Patterson  came  to  it,  if  we  call  to 
mind  that  the  edifice  in  which  the  First 
Church  and  Congregation  worshipped  stood 
then,  in  Market  Street,  between  Second  and 
Third,  immediately  east  of  what  was  once 
Elbow  Lane,  now  Bank  Street.  This  edifice, 
built  in  Grecian  style,  with  a  noble  portico 
supported  by  four  massive  columns,  was  ac- 
counted one  of  the  finest  buildings  in  the 
City.* 

Little    more    than    a   block    away,  at   the 

*  Watson's  Annals. 


44  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

northwest  corner  of  Third  and  Arch  Streets, 
stood  the  edifice  in  which  the  Second  Church 
and  Congregation  Avorshipped.  The  house  w^as 
an  oblong  structure,  with  the  pulpit^in  the 
west  end,  with  ample  galleries  on  three  sides, 
and  with  pews  which,  fifty  years  ago,  were 
characterized  as  models  of  convenience  and 
comfort.* 

The  edifice  in  which  the  Third  Church  and 
Congregation  worshipped,  stood  where  it  now 
stands,  at  the  southeast  corner  of  Fourth  and 
Pine   Streets.     What  it  was  a  half  century 

*  See  brief  notices  of  the  Churches  and  Meeting  Houses  of 
Philadelphia,  in  Christian  Observer,  1853,  by  Paul. 

The  notice  of  the  Second  Church  edifice  has  respect  to  its 
appearance  half  a  century  ago,  not  to  its  appearance  as  origi- 
nally built.  At  the  first,  the  pulpit  was  on  the  north  side,  and 
the  house  was  without  galleries.  About  the  beginning  of  this 
century,  the  dimensions  of  the  building  and  its  interior  ar- 
rangements were  altered.  For  particulars,  reference  may  be 
made  to  the  interesting  "Communication  of  Samuel  Hazard, 
Esq.,  to  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Second  Presbyterian 
Church." 


APPEARANCE  OF  THE  CITY.  45 

ago,  may  be  inferred  from  what  it  was  when 
the  present  pastor  came  to  it.  In  his  quarter 
century  sermon,  two  years  since,  Dr.  Brainerd 
describes  it  as  "  barn-like  in  its  aspects ;"  as 
"  great  and  dimly  lighted ;"  as  having  "  high 
galleries  and  high-backed  pews,"  but  no  "vesti- 
bule, and  no  lecture,  Sunday-school,  or  busi- 
ness rooms." 

Nor  will  it  be  less  illustrative  of  the  appear- 
ance of  the  City  fifty  years  since,  if  we  re- 
member that  then  its  compactly  built  portions 
were  chiefly  east  of  Sixth  Street.  On  Chest- 
nut, above  Sixth,  back  from  the  street,  on  the 
north  side,  stood  Carpenter's  mansion,  a  fine 
old  dwelling,  surrounded  by  trees.  At  Broad 
and  Market,  stood  a  circular,  marble  edifice, 
which,  receiving  the  waters  of  the  Schuylkill 
from  a  point  near  the  present  Market  Street 
bridge,  distributed  them  in  limited  quantities 
over  the  City.     At  Gray's  Ferry,  a  floating 


46  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

bridge  gave  easy  access  to  Bartram's  botanic 
gardens,  a  resort  as  much  in  favor  with  the 
public  then  as  Fairmount  now.  The  beautiful 
Washington  Square,  facing  which,  on  the 
south,  stands  to-day  the  honored  edifice  of  the 
First  Church,  was  the  Potter's  Field,  the  com- 
mon grave-yard  of  paupers,  criminals,  and 
strangers.* 

Mr.  Patterson  began  his  work  in  the  North- 
ern Liberties  by  connecting  with  his  Sabbath 
ministrations  a  system  of  faithful  visitation 
to  the  families  of  the  District.  Going  every- 
wdiere,  and  making  everywhere  the  impres-. 
sion  that  he  honestly  sought  to  promote  the 
spiritual  welfare  of  the  people,  he  had  the 
happiness  to  see  the  number  and  the  interest 
of  his  hearers  steadily  growing.  At  the  first 
communion  after  his  installation,  he  admitted 
eleven  on  profession  and  seventeen  on  certifi- 

*  Watson's  Annals. 


FRANCIS  MARKOE,    THE  EARNEST  ELDER.      47 

cate ;    at  the    second    communion,  thirty  on 
profession,  and  five  on  certificate. 

Among  the  five  admitted  on  certificate  at 
the  second  communion  was  Francis  Markoe, 
Esq.,  who,  identifying  himself  with  the  Church 
to  become  one  of  its  elders,  was,  for  six  years, 
a  most  judicious  and  effective  helper. 

Mr.  Markoe  was  an  extraordinary  man.* 
Born  in  Santa  Cruz  and  educated  at  Princeton 
College,  New  Jersey,  he  entered  on  the  scenes 
of  active  manhood,  in  his  native  island,  gay, 
worldly,  wealthy.  Spending,  with  several  of 
his  relatives,  a  festive  season  of  some  days  at 
a  friend's  house,  and  remaining,  one  morning, 
at  home,  while  the  rest  of  the  company  went 
abroad  upon  a  pleasure  excursion,  he  repaired 
to  the  library.  His  eye  fell  on  a  book,  the 
title  of  which  would  scarcely  have  been  more 

*  The  facts  in  the  text  are  drawn  chiefly  from  Dr.  Skinner's 
admirable  discourse  on  "The  Religious  Life  of  Francis  Mar- 
koe, Esq." 


48  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

striking  to  him,  if  he  had  seen  it  written  in 
characters  of  Ught  on  the  wall :  "  The  Scho- 
lar armed  against  the  errors  of  the  times ; 
or  the  truth  of  Christianity  demonstrated." 

The  latter  words,  especially,  excited  the 
highest  interest :  The  truth  of  Christianity 
DEMONSTRATED.  The  assertion  had  the  effect 
uj)on  him  of  something  at  the  same  time 
awfully  important  and  perfectly  novel.  He 
paused  upon  it,  repeated  it  to  himself,  and, 
pronouncing  the  last  word  over  and  over, 
soliloquized  thus  :  "  Demonstrated ;  from  tie- 
wonstro,  demonstrare ;  is  this,  indeed,  so  ? 
the  truth  of  Christianity  demonstrated,  shown 
by  unanswerable  argument  ?  Then  I  ought 
to  be  a  Christian.     I  must  and  will  be  one." 

Thus  saying,  he  opened  the  volume  and 
read ;  his  mind  was  completely  overpowered. 
"  I  found  the  book,"  he  said,  ''  luminous  with 
truth  from  beginning  to  end."     It  established 


FRANCIS  MARKOE,   THE  EARNEST  ELDER.      49 

the  truth  of  Christianity  as  a  law,  a  life  in 
his  inner  consciousness.  From  that  hour  he 
was  a  new  creature.  His  friends  thought 
him  crazed,  but  his  life  j)roved  him  gloriously 
changed. 

By  a  series  of  remarkable  providences  he 
was  led  to  this  City,  joined  the  First  Church 
under  the  pastoral  care  of  Dr.  James  P.  Wil- 
son, the  ablest  preacher,  perhaps,  in  America, 
and  grew  with  astonishing  rapidity  in  know- 
ledge and  in  grace.  His  business  leading 
him  to  become  a  resident  of  the  Liberties 
about  the  time  of  Mr.  Patterson's  installation, 
he  felt  constrained,  despite  the  strength  of  his 
attachment  to  Dr.  Wilson,  to  render  the  feeble 
church  and  the  new  pastor  the  aid  of  his  pre- 
sence, experience,  knowledge,  counsel,  labors, 
prayers.* 

*  Mr.    Markoe  was  admitted    to   the   communion   of  the 
church  on  certificate  the  seventh  day  of  May,  1814,  and  on 


60  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

He  entered  with  entire  heartiness  into  Mr. 
Patterson's  plans,  spending  in  visitation  what 
time  of  every  day  he  could  redeem  from  busi- 
ness cares  ;  giving  each  night  to  meetings  for 
social  prayer ;  stimulating  the  membership ; 
leading  the  eldership ;  and  approving  himself, 
in  every  way,  an  unselfish,  laborious,  wise, 
true,  efficient  worker  for  Christ.* 

The  first  result  of  those  activities  which 
the  zealous  pastor  and  the  earnest  elder  origi- 
nated and  controlled,  was  an  attendance  on 
the  Sabbath  services  too  great  for  the  Church 
accommodations.     The  work  of  erecting  gal- 

the  fifteenth  day  of  that  same  month   and  year  was,  by  Mr. 
Patterson,  ordained  an  elder  and  installed  into  the  ofiice. 

*  One  fact  of  many  illustrates  the  thoughtful  and  judicious 
character  of  the  man.  Placing,  at  his  own  expense,  in  the 
Old  Cannon  House,  a  select  library  for  young  people,  and  in- 
viting them  to  use  it,  he  met  them  there  once  a  week,  for  the 
double  purpose  of  directing  their  reading  and  of  giving  them 
Christian  counsel.  His  influence  with  the  young  was  very 
great.  In  later  life,  he  was  excelled  by  few  as  a  Bible-class 
teacher. 


WEEK-NIGHT  GATHERINGS.  61 

leries  on  three  sides  of  the  Church,  which, 
before  Mr.  Patterson's  installation  had  been 
begun,  was  hurried  forward  to  completion, 
and  was  finished  in  early  July,  1814,  at  a  cost 
of  $1529.20.* 

The  opening  of  these  galleries,  and  the 
crowding  into  them  of  many  unaccustomed  to 
attend  a  place  of  worship,  made  demand  for 
still  greater  activities  and  yet  other  plans. 
The  demand  was  nobly  met.  Every  member 
of  the  Church  that  could  be  urged  into  the 
service  became  a  visitor  of  the  families  in  the 
District,  and  a  helper  in  week-night  gather- 
ings for  prayer  and  exhortation.  These  week- 
night  services,  held  wherever  the  people  could 
be  persuaded  to  attend,  and  a  place  for  hold- 
ing them  could  be  gotten,  were  wonderfully 
blessed. 

But,  in  addition  to   systematic  visitations 

*  Manuscript  records  of  tlie  Board  of  Trustees. 


62         THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

and  multiplied  meetings,  an  agency  was  tried, 
altogether  novel,  but  remarkably  effective. 
Pained  by  the  number  of  poor  children  in 
the  District  destitute  of  instruction,  and  illus- 
trating his  characteristic  aptitude  for  de- 
vising expedients  to  do  good,  Mr.  Patterson 
suggested  the  gathering  of  these  children 
into  some  suitable  room  on  the  morning 
of  the  Sabbath,  before  public  worship,  and 
the  teaching  them  without  cost  to  read  the 
Scriptures.  The  suggestion  was  immediately 
acted  on.  At  a  meeting  held  on  Monday 
evening,  the  twenty-fourth  day  of  April,  1815, 
an  association  was  formed  of  persons  willing 
to  give  instruction  inirely  gratuitous^  and  dis- 
tinctively religious,  and,  on  the  Sabbath  follow- 
ing, in  the  school-room  of  Mr.  White,  one  of 
the  elders,  standing  on  Coates  Street,  between 
the  Church  and  St.  John  Street,  a  Sunday- 
school  of  more   than  one  hundred  children 


SUNDAY-SCHOOLS.  53 

was  begun.  Some  opposition  was  at  first  en- 
countered, on  the  ground  that  the  movement 
was  a  desecration  of  holy  time,  but  the  voice 
of  disapproval  was  soon  lost  in  the  shout  of 
achieved  success.  The  Association  begun 
thus  is  still  known  among  us  as  "  The  Union 
Sabbath  School  Association  of  the  First 
Presbyterian  Church  in  the  Northern  Liber- 
ties."* 

Amid  these  busy  scenes,  the  year  1816,  that 
ever-memorable  year  in  the  history  of  this 
Church,  opened.  Through  the  two  preceding 
years,  there  had  been  showings  of  the  Divine 
power  in  the  conversion  of  souls,  and  the 
Church  had  steadily  grown  to  thrice  its  ori- 

*  This  association,  instituted  24th  April,  1815,  obtained  from 
the  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania,  on  the  fourth  day  of 
February,  1817,  a  charter  of  incorporation,  and,  on  the  sixth 
day  of  June,  1840,  alterations  and  amendments  of  its  Consti- 
tution. 


54  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

ginal  number,  but  now  the  heavens  were 
opened,  and  the  Spirit  was  poured  down  as  a 
flood. 

The  interest  began  with  the  appointment 
of  a  prayer-meeting  on  Monday  evenings, 
for  the  special  purpose  of  suppHcating  re- 
vival influences.*  These  meetings  became  so 
'thronged  and  so  solemn  that  additional  even- 
ings in  the  week  were  designated,  until,  at 
length,  every  evening  was  occupied,  and 
preaching  services  were  intermingled  with 
those  of  prayer.  For  nearly  ninety  succes- 
sive ni'ghts  these  services  were  protracted, 
with  some  extravagance  it  may  be,  but  with 
manifold  evidence  of  a  power  more  than 
man's. 

*  The  prayer-meeting  begun  thus  on  Monday  evening  has, 
every  week  since,  been  held,  and  has  always  commanded  a 
large  attendance. 

In  March,  1858,  a  daily  morning  prayer-meeting  was  be- 
gun and  is  still  continued.  May  the  time  never  come  when 
these  meetings  for  prayer  shall  be  abandoned  ! 


FIRST  GREA  T  RE  VIVA L.  55 

At  the  outset,  some  of  the  cautious  church- 
members  were  troubled  and  perplexed,  among 
whom  was  Mr.  Markoe.  He  had  never  wit- 
nessed, had  never  imagined  such  scenes.  For 
a  time  he  was  in  doubt  as  to  the  character  of 
the  work.  In  the  subjects  of  the  strange  in- 
fluence there  were  probably  some  prominent 
excesses  of  feeling  and  of  action;  but  the 
fruits  of  a  genuine  revival  of  religion  begin- 
ning to  appear  in  the  clear,  unquestionable, 
and  strongly  marked  conversion  of  many  per- 
sons, he  condemned  and  renounced  his  hesi- 
tation. With  an  honesty  and  nobleness  that 
became  him  Avell,  he  arose  in  the  crowded 
church,  declared  the  change  in  his  views,  and 
pledged  himself,  thenceforth,  with  heart,  soul, 
and  strength,  to  enter  into  the  work.* 

As  the   general  result  of  this  year  of  re- 

*  Dr.  Skinner's  Discourse  on  the  Religious  Life  of  Francis 
Markoe,  Esq. 


56  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  FAST. 

vival,  one  hundred  and  ninety-two  persons 
made  profession  of  faith  in  Christ,  most  of 
whom  proved  valuable  accessions  to  the 
Church.  One  of  these  persons  was  a  young 
man,  now  the  eminent  Rev.  Dr.  Tustin,  of 
Washington  City;  two  of  them  were  faithful 
men  whom  the  Church  afterward  called  to 
the  eldership,  Isaac  Will  and  Adam  H. 
Hinkel. 

It  is  worth  the  mention,  also,  that  through- 
out this  season  of  protracted  toil  and  excite- 
ment, Mr.  Patterson  had  no  other  aid  than 
that  of  his  own  church-members.  One  of 
these  members,  a  student  of  divinity,  now  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Cox,  of  New  York,  rendered  mate- 
rial service  and  gave  promise  of  the  distinc- 
tion which,  as  preacher  and  pastor,  he  subse- 
quently reached. 

The  continuous  services  of  this  first  great 
revival  closed  with  the  month  of  April,  but 


REVIVAL  FOLLOWING  REVIVAL.  57 

similar  services,  some  part  of  every  year,  were 
thenceforward  among  Mr.  Patterson's  favorite 
modes  of  labor.  His  passion  for  saving  souls 
fomid  in  the  crowds  which  such  scenes  called 
together  a  powerful  stimulus  and  a  grateful 
satisfaction.  His  abilitv  to  conduct  and  con- 
trol  such  meetings  was,  perhaps,  unequalled, 
and  his  success  in  them,  through  a  score  of 
years,  vindicated  his  high  estimate  of  them. 
He  saw  revival  follow  revival.  He  saw  fifty, 
seventy,  ninety  persons  at  one  time  professing 
Christ.  He  saw  young  converts  going  every- 
where throughout  the  Northern  Liberties  to 
visit  the  poor,  to  hold  prayer-meetings,  and  to 
organize  Sunday-schools.  He  saw,  at  one 
time,  not  less  than  a  dozen  Sunday-schools 
and  more  than  forty  prayer-meetings,  in  suc- 
cessful operation.  He  saw  the  number  of 
communicants  in  his  Church  rise  from  fifty- 
two   to   eleven   hundred.      He    saw,    in   the 


68  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

twenty-three  years  of  his  pastorate,  near  seven- 
teen hundred  souls  assume  the  vows  of  Chris- 
tians. He  saw,  in  numerous  remarkable  in- 
stances, that  grandest  marvel  of  earth,  the 
impure  suddenly  abjuring  vice,  and  the  rude, 
the  vile,  the  abject,  steadily  rising  to  the 
gentleness  and  the  goodness  which  befit  the 
skies. 

But  the  year  1816  is  memorable  for  the 
beginning,  not  more  of  protracted  daily  ser- 
vices in  the  Church,  than  of  periodic  Sabbath 
services,  in  summer,  on  the  Commons.  In- 
duced to  make  the  effort  by  the  throngs  of 
Sabbath-breakers  in  the  fields  then  near  his 
Church,  Mr.  Patterson  continued  it  through 
five  successive  summers,  until  great  changes 
in  the  District  made  the  fields  somewhat  re- 
mote, and  failing  health,  especially,  con- 
strained him  to  desist.  At  each  of  these 
services  thousands  gathered  round  him,  and 


FIELD-PREACHING.  59 

heard  that  Gospel  which  elsewhere  they  never 
heard.  From  these  services  to  those  in  the 
Church,  the  transition  of  interested  hearers 
would  be  easy ;  and,  abundant  evidence  exists 
that  many,  who  became  consistent,  earnest 
members,  owed  their  first  impressions  to  the 
field-preacher's  pungent  appeals. 

During  the  revival  of  1816,  the  want  of  a  con- 
venient Lecture-room  was  painfully  felt.  Upon 
the  Church  lot,  between  Second  and  St.  John 
Streets,  stood  two  frame  buildings,  rented  by 
teachers  of  week-day  schools,  and  occasionally 
used  for  religious  meetings,  but  both  of  them 
small,  and  one  of  them  so  decayed  as  to  be  well- 
nigh  untenantable.  It  was  accordingly  pro- 
posed to  substitute  for  them  a  single  building 
of  brick,  fronting  on  Coates  Street,  thirty-two 
by  fifty-two  feet,  and  three  stories  high.  The 
first  story  was  to  furnish  the  space  for  a  capa- 
cious   Lecture-room  5    the    second    and   third 


GO  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

stories,  eligible  rooms  for  week-day  and  Sun- 
day-schools. 

After  various  plans  to  raise  means,  it  was 
resolved  to  issue  interestrpaying  stock,  secured 
by  Corporation  property.  It  was  believed  that 
the  revenue  from  the  week-day  schools  would 
not  only  pay  the  interest  accruing  on  this 
stock,  but,  in  a  few  years,- create  a  fund  suffi- 
cient to  redeem  the  stock  itself.  The  stock 
was  issued ;  and,  although  its  sale  .was  insuffi- 
cient to  cover  the  expense,  the  building  was 
finished  in  the  summer  of  1818,  at  a  cost  of 
$6158.24.* 

That  same  summer,  in  the  second  story 
room,  under  control  of  directors  appointed  by 
the  Congregation,  a  school,  on  the  Lancaste- 
rian  plan,  was  oj)ened  with  flattering  prospect 
of  meeting  all  expectations  in  respect  to  it; 

*  Manuscript  records  of  the  Board  of  Trustees. 


PECUNIARY  EMBARRASSMENT.  61 

but  it  proved  unsuccessful,  and,  in  less  than  a 
year,  was  abandoned. 

Meanwhile,  provision  must  be  made  for  pay- 
ing the  interest  and  for  satisfying  such  stock- 
holders as  were  restless  from  apprehended 
difficulty  in  redeeming  the  stock.  The  resort 
was  to  loans  on  bond  and  mortgage.  The 
liabilities  thus  created,  in  addition  to  liabili- 
ties before  existing,  made  a  debt  which,  de- 
spite all  effort  to  extinguish  or  reduce,  slowly, 
yet  steadily  increased,  and  became  at  length 
so  formidable  as  to  threaten  the  corporation 
with  financial  ruin.* 

*  The  sources  of  this  debt,  so  far  as  can  be  gathered  from 
the  records  of  the  Board  of  Trustees,  were  the  following : 

1.  Pecuniary  consideration  to  the  Corporation  of  Second 
Presbyterian  Church  for  transfer  of  property  at  Second  and 
Coates  as  per  agreement  at  the  separation. 

2.  Erection  of  galleries  in  the  Church. 

3.  School-house  stock. 

4.  Purchase  of  burial  lot  on  Shackamaxon  Street,  Kensing- 
ton. 

5.  Pew-rental  arrearages,  which,  accounted  good  and  made 
the  basis  of  temporary  loans,  were  never  realized. 

6 


62  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

I  need  not  go  into  details.  It  is  enough  to 
refer  to  the  matter,  and  to  express  an  un- 
qualified admiration,  not  more  of  the  patience 
and  toil  with  which,  for  years,  the  Trustees 
addressed  themselves  to  their  task,  than  of 
the  repeated  and  very  signal  interpositions 
of  a  Divine,  heniunant  Providence. 

In  the  spring  of  1829,  after  ten  years  of 
ceaseless  struggle  with  embarrassments  which 
every  year  augmented,  it  was  resolved  to  dis- 
pose of  the  entire  property  at  Second  and 
Coates,  and  to  seek  another  more  westward 
location.  Many  reasons  cons23ired  to  urge  this. 
In  the  quarter  of  a  century  since  the  Church 
was  built,  the  Liberties  had  rapidly  advanced 
in  population,  and  Second  Street  had  become 
a  leading  thoroughfare  of  travel  and  of  traffic. 
The  dwelling-houses  along  Second  Street  were 
fast  changing  into  j)laces  of  business;  the 
families  once  residing  there  were  occupants  of 


CHANGE  OF  LOCATION.  63 

homes  in  newer  sections  of  the  District. 
Hence,  it  was  judged  that  from  the  apprecia- 
tion in  vakie  of  the  Church  property,  suffi- 
cient means  might  be  realized,  not  only  to  ex- 
tinguish the  debt  of  the  corporation,  but  also 
to  erect,  without  debt,  a  more  commodious, 
more  comfortable,  more  attractive  house  of 
worship,  on  a  site  more  convenient  to  the 
majority  of  worshippers,  and,  because  of  re- 
moteness from  the  noise  and  confusion  of  a 
crowded  street,  more  suitable  to  the  uses  of 
worship.  Besides,  the  Church  edifice  at  Se- 
cond and  Coates  was  in  such  a  state  of  decay, 
that  large  exj)enditure  in  repairs  must  soon  of 
necessity  be  made  if  the  Congregation  were  to 
remain  there. 

The  question  of  remaining  or  removing  was 
thus  under  earnest  discussion,  when  a  builder 
proposed  "to  erect  a  Meeting-House  on  a  lot 
of  ground  situate  on  the  west  side  of  Fifth 


64  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

Street,  between  Tammany  and  Green  Streets, 
containing  ninety-six  feet  front  on  Old  York 
Road,  by  one  hnndred  feet  deep."  The  size 
of  the  Church  edifice  was  to  be  eighty  by  sixty 
feet;  its  plan,  that  of  the  edifice  then  build- 
ing on  the  northeast  corner  of  Twelfth  and 
Walnut  Streets;  its  external  walls,  rough- 
cast, in  imitation  of  marble  ;  and  its  basement 
story  finished  for  Lecture  and  Sunday-school 
rooms. 

The  builder  engaged  to  complete  the  house 
within  two  years  from  the  date  of  signing  the 
contract,  and,  when  completed,  to  convey  it 
with  the  ground,  clear  of  all  incumbrances,  in 
consideration  of  the  conveyance  to  him  by  the 
corporation,  of  all  their  property  on  Coates 
Street,  between  Second  and  St.  John,  with 
whatever  incumbrances  were  on  said  j)roperty 
at  the  date  of  his  proposal. 

The  Congregation  accepted  the  terms,  and 


DIFFERENCE  RESPECTING  SITE.  05 

the  Board  of  Trustees  appointed  a  committee 
"  to  inspect  and  supervise  the  building  of  the 
Church."  It  was  subsequently  ascertained, 
however,  that  the  builder  had  made  an  assign- 
ment of  his  property  and  business,  and  that 
the  lot  where  he  proposed  to  build  was 
twenty-one  feet  six  inches  less  in  the  rear, 
and  otherwise  different  from  what  had  been 
represented.  Thereupon,  the  Congregation 
rescinded  their  acceptance  of  the  builder's 
proposition,  and  directed  the  Trustees  to  sell 
their  property,  to  discharge  the  debts  of  the 
corporation,  to  purchase  a  convenient  site  for 
a  new  Church  edifice,  and  to  build  one  similar 
to  that  which  had  already  been  agreed  on, 
without  delay.* 

But,  in  selecting  the  site,  such  differences 
of  o]3inion  arose  among  the  Trustees,  as  led 

■^  Manuscript  records  of  tlio  I>v)urd  of  Tru.itGCS. 


66  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

ultimately  to  the  building  of  three  houses  of 
worship  instead  of  one ;  namely,  that  in  which 
we  are  now  assembled ;  that  in  Sixth  Street, 
above  Green;  and  that  in  Coates  Street, 
below  Fourth. 

When  we  recollect  that,  at  the  time  the 
question  of  removal  to  another  site  was  agi- 
tated, the  communion  of  this  Church  num- 
bered more  than  one  thousand  persons, 
scattered  over  a  large  and  rapidly  growing 
District,  we  cannot  wonder  that  Christian 
men  should  differ  in  regard  to  the  best  loca- 
tion of  the  proposed  edifice,  or  that  they 
should  make  this  difference  the  honest  occa- 
sion of  earnest  endeavors  to  promote  Church 
extension.  Previous  to  this  time,  two  efforts 
had  been  made  to  establish  "The  Second 
Presbyterian  Church  in  the  Northern  Liber- 
ties;" but,  as  the  first  had  proved  a  failure, 
and  the  second  an  indifferent  success,  other 


SECOND  CHURCH,  NORTHERN  LIBERTIES.        67 

efforts  were  thought  to  be  needed,  if  not,  in- 
deed, demanded. 

The  first  effort  was  made  as  early  as  No- 
vember, 1818,  by  the  Rev.  James  K.  Bmxh, 
who  organized  into  a  Church,  with  one  elder, 
a  number  of  persons  dismissed  from  the  Fifth 
Presbyteiian  Church  in  the  City,  and  who,  in 
April,  1819,  secured  from  Philadelphia  Pres- 
bytery a  recognition  of  the  Church.  After 
a  feeble  struggle  of  some  two  years,  the  effort 
was  relinquished,  and  the  Church  became  ex- 
tinct. 

The  second  effort,  with  better  promise,  was 
made  by  one  hundred  and  four  persons,  peti- 
tioning Philadelphia  Presbytery,  in  April, 
1825,  to  organize  a  Church.  The  Presbytery, 
in  granting  the  prayer,  appointed  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Green  and  the  Rev.  Messrs.  Patterson  and 
Alexander  Henry,  a  committee  to  effect  the 
organization,  ^^  under  such  style  as   may  be 


68         THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

agreed  on  by  the  petitioners  and  the  Com- 
mittee."* In  October  of  that  year,  the  Com- 
mittee reported  to  Presbytery  that  they  had 
"organized  a  Cliurch,  to  be  known  by  the 
name  of  the  Second  Presbyterian  Church  in 
the  Northern  Liberties."'}*  The  Church  was 
taken  under  care  of  Presbytery,  and  pre- 
sented a  call  for  the  pastoral  services  of  Mr. 
James  Smith,  a  licentiate  of  the  Presbytery 
of  Carlisle.  In  November  following,  Mr. 
Smith  Avas  ordained  and  installed,  taking  the 
oversight  of  a  little  band  of  twelve  communi- 
cants, and  beginning  his  ministry  in  Commis- 
sioners' Hall,  Third  Street.  After  five  years 
of  exhausting  toils,  the  feeble  Church,  number- 
ing twenty  communicants,  were  encouraged  to 
undertake  the  erection  of  an  edifice  in  Sixth 
Street,  above  Green.  They  succeeded  in 
putting  the  house  under  roof,  and  in  fitting 

*  Minutcis  of  riiiladclpliia  Presbytery.  f  Ibid. 


THIRD  CHURCH,  NORTHERN  LIBERTIES.        69 

up  the  basement  for  Sabbath  worship,  when 
debts,  beyond  their  ability  to  liquidate,  ar- 
rested the  work,  and  threatened  the  utter  loss 
of  what  they  had  already  expended. 

The  Second  Church  were  in  these  trying 
circumstances,  when  thirty-eight  communi- 
cants in  the  First  Church,  differing  from  their 
brethren  on  the  question  of  church  site,  and 
believing  that  they  had  an  independent  work 
to  do  for  the.  Master,  asked  to  be  dismissed, 
that  they  might  constitute  "The  Third  Pres- 
byterian Church  in  the  Northern  Liberties."* 
Dismissed,  and  regularly  organized  into  a 
Church,  they  met  for  worship,  conducted  by 
the  Rev.  Hugh  M.  Koontz,  in  a  school-room 
back  of  Mr.  John  Dickerson's  residence.  Pop- 
lar Street,  above  Second. 

After  an  interval  of  some  few  months,  ne- 
gotiations for  union  between  the  Second  and 

*  Minutes  of  Session. 


70  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

Third  Churches  were  begun  and  consummated. 
The  plan  of  union  involved  the  junction  of 
the  two  Churches,  under  the  name  of  "  The 
First  Presbyterian  Church  of  Penn  Town- 
ship;" the  completion  of  the  building  by  the 
Third  Church  ;  the  resignation  of  the  pas- 
torate of  the  Second  Church  by  the  Eev. 
Mr.  Smith;  and  the  election  of  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Koontz  to  the  pastorate  of  the  united  Church. 
The  unfinished  building  was  urged  forward  to 
completion;  but,  before  its  occupancy  by  the 
Congregation,  differences  unhappily  arose,  and 
severed  the  communion  into  two  nearly  equal 
parts.  The  one  part,  by  common  consent, 
retained  the  house,  the  pastor,  and  the  name; 
the  other  part,  denominating  themselves  '^  The 
Central  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  Northern 
Liberties,"  returned  to  the  school-room  on 
Poplar  Street,  took  instant  measures  for  the 
erection  of  a  Church  edifice  on  Coates  Street, 


EXTENSION  OF  CHURCH  INFLUENCE.  71 

below  Fourth,  and  elected  to  the  pastorate  the 
Rev.  William  H.  Burroughs.* 

Thus,  at  the  time  this  Congregation  was 
about  to  remove  from  ground  as  sacred  in  the 
estimation  of  many  as  the  spot  where  an- 
ciently stood  the  bush  that  burned  yet  was 
not  consumed,  there  sprang  into  vigorous  life 
two  closely  related  Churches,  which,  in  the 
term  of  a  single  generation,  have  rendered 
effective  service  to  the  cause  of  Christ,  and 
which,  through  coming  generations,  bid  fair 
to  show  a  like  effectiveness.  We  account 
their  history  a  part  of  ours ;  we  esteem  their 
faith  and  order,  their  energy  and  zeal,  their 
activity  and  success  so  many  strong  incen- 
tives to  yield  our  covenant  God  the  hearty 
tribute  of  praise. 

■^  The  ministry  of  Mr.  Burroughs  in  the  Central  Church 
was  very  brief.  Beginning  his  labors  in  Commissioners' 
Hall,  Third  Street,  he  was  compelled  by  hemorrhage  to  resign 
his  charge  before  a  year  had  passed,  and  before  tlie  completion 
of  the  new  house  of  worship.     He  soon  after  deceased. 


72  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

But,  resuming  the  narrative  of  events  con- 
nected with  the  change  of  Church  site,  I  go  on 
to  say  that,  on  the  13th  of  March,  1832,  the 
Committee  having  the  matter  in  charge,  re- 
ported to  the  Board  of  Trustees  that  they 
had  "purchased  a  lot  of  ground  situated  on 
the  south  side  of  Buttonwood  Street,  betAveen 
Fifth  and  Sixth  Streets,  ninety-two  feet  four 
inches  front  on  Buttonwood  Street  by  about 
one  hundred  and  fifty  feet  deep,  for  the  sum 
of  $8000."  On  the  8th  of  May  following, 
the  Trustees  accepted  the  proposal  of  Mr.  A. 
D.  Caldwell  "  to  build  the  Church  agreeably  to 
specification,"  requiring  a  house  similar  in  size, 
plan  and  finish  to  the  edifice  at  Twelfth  and 
Walnut,  for  the  sum  of  $11,500,  with  privilege 
of  using  in  the  new  building  what  material  in 
the  old  should  be  found  serviceable.* 

*  The  Trustees  composing  the  Building  Committee  of  the 
new  Church  were  Messrs.  Fenton,  Hinkel,  Will,  Keim, 
Magee  (Hugh  S.),  and  Stout. 


NEW  CHURCH  EDIFICE.  73 

Soon  the  old  Church,  endeared  to  thou- 
sands by  many  tender  recollections,  and  sig- 
nalized by  repeated,  extraordinary  effusions 
of  the  Holy  Spirit,  disappeared  from  view, 
and  the  new  Church,  on  another  and  compa- 
ratively remote  site,  began  to  rise.  Until  the 
opening  of  the  Lecture-room  in  the  new 
Church,  on  Sabbath,  the  sixteenth  day  of 
December,  1832,  the  Congregation  worshipped 
in  their  Lecture-room  on  Coates  Street.* 

As  an  illustration  of  what  the  locality 
where  we  now  are  was,  thirty  years  ago,  it 
may  be  mentioned  that  Buttonwood  Street, 
late  Buttonwood  Lane,  had  neither  pavements 

*  The  building  erected  in  the  year  1818  for  Lecture  and 
School-rooms,  is  still  standing.  After  its  sale,  it  was  appro- 
priated to  various  uses :  sometimes  to  business  needs ;  some- 
times to  Sunday-school  purposes  ;  and  sometimes  to  theatrical 
shows.  It  is  now  used  for  ware-rooms.  It  is  related  that  a 
theatre  manager,  losing  a  fortune  in  the  vain  effort  to  make 
the  Lecture-room  an  attractive  place  of  amusement,  aban- 
doned it,  saying,  "Too  much  prayer  had  been  made  in  it  to 
allow  its  successful  conversion  into  a  playhouse." 

7 


74  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

upon  it  nor  water-pipes  beneath  it.*  Before 
the  Church,  were  oj)en  lots ;  behind  it,  were 
grave-yards,  entered  from  Noble  Street. 

The  audience-room  of  the  Church  edifice 
was  opened  for  Divine  worship  on  Sabbath, 
12tli  May,  1833.  The  service  of  dedication 
was  wholly  performed  by  Mr.  Patterson,  and 
was  one  of  unusual  solemnity.-}-     A  very  large 

*  Manuscript  records  of  tlie  Board  of  Trustees. 

f  In  the  ''PMladelphian"  of  16th  May,  1833,  "A  Stranger" 
gives  his  impressions  of  the  nev/  church  edifice  and  of  the 
opening  service,  thus : 

"The  house  is  most  pleasantly  located,  having  some  open 
space  on  each  side,  so  that  they  can  never  be  deprived  of  a 
good  current  of  air.  The  interior  of  the  house  is  partly  ori- 
ginal, ditfering  from  anything  I  have  ever  seen.  The  centre- 
piece of  the  ceiling  (from  which  is  suspended  an  elegant  chan- 
delier) is  a  most  beautiful  design,  and  greatly  improves  the 
appearance  of  the  house.  The  pulpit  is  mahogany,  and  alto- 
gether different  from  anything  of  the  kind  I  have  ever  seen. 
Its  lamps  are  of  an  entirely  new  pattern  and  very  rich.  In- 
deed, as  I  at  first  intimated,  the  whole  appearance  is  that  of 
neatness,  convenience,  and  comfort.  The  Kev.  Mr.  Patterson 
performed  his  part  with  much  solemnity  and  propriety.  His 
subject  was  verj^  fitly  chosen,  and  appeared  to  give  great  satis- 
faction to  a  large  and  attentive  audience." 


DEDICATION.  75 

Congregation  crowded  the  house  in  every  part 
and  manifested  a  profound  sense  of  the  Divine 
Presence.  It  was  an  occasion  of  special  inte- 
rest to  Mr.  Patterson  himself,  for,  before  the 
completion  of  the  house,  and  whilst  the  Con- 
gregation were  worshipping  in  the  Lecture- 
room,  a  revival  of  great  power  had  conse- 
crated, as  his  devout  mind  felt,  the  very 
beams  in  the  wall  to  the  worship  of  Jehovah. 
Nor  may  we  doubt  that  the  glory  of  the  Lord, 
if  not  visibly,  was  really  present.  That  glory, 
filling  then  the  house,  has  at  no  time  since 
departed.  What  multitudes  within  these 
walls  have  turned  from  sin  to  holiness,  from 
death  to  life !  What  multitudes  have  here 
found  a  Bethel !  What  multitudes  have  gone 
from  the  assembly  here  "  to  the  General  As- 
sembly and  Church  of  the  first  born  which 
are  written  in  Heaven !" 

But  the  labors  of  the  honored  pastor  who 


76  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

came  with  the  flock  into  this  fold,  and  who 
here,  as  everywhere,  ^^  ceased  not  to  warn 
every  one,  night  and  day,  with  tears,"  were 
drawing  to  a  close.  For  three  and  a  half 
years  he  stood  in  this  pulpit,  and  then  "  was 
not,  for  God  took  him."  He  died  as  gently 
as  an  infant  sinks  to  sleep  in  its  mother's 
arms,  Friday  morning,  November  17,  1837, 
in  the  fifty-ninth  year  of  his  age,  the  twenty- 
ninth  of  his  ministry,  and  the  twenty-fourth 
of  his  pastorate  in  this  Congregation. 

His  death  awakened  general  interest 
throughout  the  City.  Fifty  clergymen,  and 
from  eight  to  ten  thousand  people,  came  to  his 
burial,  on  the  Tuesday  following  his  decease. 
This  house,  draped  with  black,  was  literally 
a  place  of  weeping.  In  the  solemn  funeral 
service,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Brainerd  read  the  nine- 
tieth Psalm;  the  Rev.  Albert  Barnes  gave 
out    the    hymn    beginning  "Hear  what   the 


FIRST  PASTORS  DEATH.  77 

voice  from  Heaven  proclaims;"  the  Rev.  John 
L.  Grant  made  the  address,  outlining  the 
character  of  the  deceased,  and  detailing  the 
events  of  his  life ;  and  the  Rev.  Albert  Jud- 
son  offered  prayer. 

At  the  close  of  the  service,  when  the  body 
was  placed  in  the  vestibule,  and  the  pale,  cold 
features  of  the  man  of  God  were  uncovered 
for  the  last  time,  before  the  grave  should  hide 
them  forever,  the  numbers  passing  his  coffin 
were  so  great  that  darkness  came  to  arrest  the 
interment.  His  remains,  through  the  night, 
were  guarded  by  Church  officers;  and,  at  sun- 
rise the  next  day,  were  reverently  laid  down 
in  the  vault  built  expressly  for  them. 

On  the  Sabbath  following  his  burial,  a  ser- 
mon, commemorative  of  the  godly  man  and 
the  faithful  minister,  was  preached  in  this 
house,  by  the  Rev.  Albert  Barnes.- 

In  reviewing  the  ministry  of  Mr.  Patterson, 


78  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

we  are  struck  by  its  ascertained  results.  How 
few  the  men  who  have  ever  made  his  record  : 
near  seventeen  hundred  communicants  in 
twenty-three  years,  added  to  a  single  pastoral 
charge,  or  an  average  of  seventy-four  a  year ; 
sixty  young  men  introduced  into  the  ministry ; 
thousands  of  children  instructed  gratuitously 
in  Sunday-schools ;  tens  of  thousands  of  im- 
mortal ones  warned,  counselled,  exhorted,  en- 
treated, in  the  fields,  in  the  streets,  in  the 
places  of  prayer. 

Nor  were  the  results  of  his  ministry  con- 
fined to  a  purely  spiritual  realm.  Mr.  Pat- 
terson did  more  for  the  material  prosperity  of 
the  Northern  Liberties,  as  the  Rev.  George 
Chandler  did  for  Kensington,*  than  any  score 

*  The  Kev.  George  Chandler  was  installed  pastor  of  Ken- 
sington First  Church,  loth  November,  1815.  He  began  his 
work,  with  a  feeble  society  of  nine  communicants,  in  a  small 
building  on  Palmer  Street ;  he  ended  it,  after  forty-five  years 
of  successful  labor,  by  introducing  near  one  thousand  church- 


FIRST  PASTORS  MINISTRY.  79 

of  men  who  ever  resided  in  the  District. 
He  caused,  under  God,  a  revolution  in  the 
social  and  religious  condition  of  the  people. 
Arousing  intelligence,  stimulating  thought, 
quickening  conscience,  prompting  industry, 
elevating  effort,  securing  thrift,  he  infused  a 
new  life  into  a  vast  community,  and  brought 
competence  and  comfort  to  multitudes.* 

members  into  a  new,  large,  and  tasteful  house  of  worship  on 
Grirard  Avenue.  Between  himself  and  Mr.  Patterson  a  strong 
sympathy  existed.  Each  lived  to  promote  revivals ;  each,  in 
his  District,  wielded  influences  pre-eminently  formative ;  each 
achieved  results  which,  in  material  and  moral  grandeur,  have 
seldom  been  surpassed  by  individual  eftort. 

*  Among  Mr.  Patterson's  numerous  plans  of  promoting  in- 
telligence and  worth  of  character  was  that  of  a  "Religious 
Reading  Society."  The  Constitution  of  this  Society,  now  in 
my  possession,  provides  that  its  otficers  "shall  be  male  com- 
municating members  in  the  First  Presbyterian  Church  in  the 
Northern  Liberties,  of  Philadelphia;"  that  its  members  shall 
be  all  who  will  pay  annually,  in  aid  of  its  funds,  one  dollar 
each ;  and  that  its  funds  shall  be  invested  in  such  books,  pe- 
riodicals, and  papers  as  the  Society  may  elect.  Among  the 
papers  ordered,  as  appears  from  the  Society's  minutes,  I 
notice  the  Boston  Panoplist,  the  Boston   Recorder,  the  New 


80  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

If  the  dwellers  in  the  Liberties  should  rear 
to  his  memory  a  monument  of  brass  or  mar- 
ble, as  the  dwellers  in  Kensington  have  reared 
a  monument  to  the  memory  of  Mr.  Chandler, 
they  would  honor  not  so  much  him  as  them- 
selves. His  monument  is  the  District  itself; 
his  memorial,  what  we  see  now  in  contrast 
with  what  he  saw,  fifty  years  ago.  Through 
agencies  which  he  devised  and  directed,  an 
insignificant,  unattractive,  undesirable  suburb 
has  become  a  fair,  free,  favored  City. 

After  an  interval  of  a  year,  the  pastorate 
of  this  Church  was  filled  by  the  Eev.  Daniel 
Lynn  Carroll,  D.D.,  who  at  a  congregational 
meeting  held  Monday,  23d  July,  1838,  was 
unanimously  elected,  and  by  Philadelphia 
Third   Presbytery,  on  Thursday  evening,  the 

Haven  Religious  Intelligencer ;  among  the  books  purchased, 
Buck's  Theological  Dictionary  and  Brown's  Dictionary  of  the 
Bible.  Mr.  Patterson  was  its  president  and  William  H.  Cow- 
perthwait  its  secretary.     It  was  begun  in  1818. 


SECOND  PASTOR:  INSTALLATION.  81 

first  day  of  November  following,  was  duly  in- 
stalled. At  the  service  of  installation,  the 
Rev.  Eliakim  Phelps  presided,  and  proposed 
the  constitutional  questions ;  the  Kev.  Wil- 
liam Sterling  preached  the  sermon ;  the  Rev. 
Thomas  T.  Waterman  delivered  the  charge  to 
the  pastor;  and  the  Rev.  Anson  Rood  the 
charge  to  the  people.*  The  occasion  is  de- 
scribed as  one  of  deep  and  solemn  interest. 

Dr.  Carroll,  at  the  time  of  his  installation, 
was  in  the  forty-second  year  of  his  age.t 
Born  on  the  tenth  of  May,  1797,  in  Fayette 
County,  Pennsylvania,  he  was,  like  his  la- 
mented predecessor,  Mr.  Patterson,  a   son  of 

*  Of  the  ministers  officiating  in  the  service  of  installation, 
the  Eev.  E.  Phelps  was  Secretary  of  the  Philadelphia  Educa- 
tion Society ;  the  Rev.  William  Sterling  was  pastor  of  Read- 
ing First  Church;  the  Rev.  Thomas  T.  Waterman  was  pastor 
of  Philadelphia  Fifth  Church,  Arch  above  Tenth;  and  the 
Rev.  Anson  Rood  was  pastor  of  the  ISTorthern  Liberties  Cen- 
tral Church. 

f  The  facts  in  Dr.  Carroll's  Life  are  gleaned  from  Sprague's 
Annals,  chiefly. 


82  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

Scotch-Irish,  Presbyterian  parents ;  an  earn- 
est Christian  while  yet  a  youth ;  and  an  ho- 
nored Alumnus  of  Jefferson  College,  where 
he  graduated  in  the  year  1823. 

His  earliest  as|)irations,  which  change  of 
heart  but  strengthened,  were  for  the  pulpit; 
and,  after  his  graduation  from  College,  he  en- 
tered the  Theological  Seminary  at  Princeton, 
went  through  the  whole  course  of  three  years, 
and  tarried  there  for  study  six  months  longer. 
Licensed  to  preach  the  Gospel  by  the  Presby- 
tery of  New  Brunswick,  Friday,  6  th  October, 
1826,  he  spent  some  time  in  missionary  work; 
but,  receiving  a  unanimous  call  to  Litchfield, 
Conn.,  he  was  ordained  and  installed  in  the 
month  of  October,  1827. 

His  health,  however,  was  unequal  to  the 
rigor  of  the  climate  and  the  labor  of  his  pas- 
torate. He  was  compelled  to  resign  his  charge, 
and,  amidst  the  regrets  of  an  attached  people, 


SECOND  PASTOR:  EARLIER  LIFE.  83 

was  dismissed  the  fourth  day  of  March,  1829. 
He  was  immediately  called  to  the  First  Pres- 
byterian Church  in  Brooklyn,  where,  with 
great  acceptance  and  usefulness,  he  labored 
till  June,  1835,  when  a  threatening  affection 
of  his  throat  constrained  him  to  retire  for  a 
time  from  the  pastoral  work. 

He  was,  soon  after,  invited  to  the  Presi- 
dency of  Hampden  Sidney  College,  in  Virgi- 
nia, and  was  inducted  into  office  in  the  month 
of  September  following.  About  this  time,  he 
received  from  the  University  of  New  York 
City  the  honorary  degree  of  Doctor  of  Divi- 
nity. His  connection  with  the  College  lasted 
three  years,  or  until  his  return  to  the  active 
duties  of  the  ministry,  by  accepting  the  call 
from  this  Church,  in  the  autumn  of  1838. 

Dr.  Carroll  was  largely  endowed  by  nature 
and  grace  with  the  qualities  which  give  suc- 
cess to  the  preacher  and  pastor.     In  person 


84  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

he  was  tall,  slender,  yet  symmetrically  formed. 
He  had  a  complexion  rather  dark ;  an  eye 
singularly  fine  and  expressive ;  a  countenance 
that  easily  took  on  a  winning  smile,  or 
brightened  into  a  glow  of  animation  ;  and  a 
voice,  withal,  of  great  compass  and  melody, 
modulated  ever  with  an  exquisite  taste.  In 
manners  he  was  uncommonly  bland,  graceful, 
fascinating.  He  had  the  rare  faculty  of 
making  himself  equally  agreeable  to  people  of 
all  ages  and  of  all  ranks. 

In  native  intellect  and  studious  culture,  he 
was  undoubtedly  superior  to  most  men.  He 
had  in  ample  measure  the  intuitive  power  of 
reason,  and  the  imperial  power  of  imagi- 
nation. In  College  and  in  Seminary  he  stu- 
died hard,  too  hard,  indeed,  for  his  physical 
strength,  yet  so  successfully  as  to  gift  the 
workings  of  his  mind  with  a  prodigious  force. 

In    sensibility,    moreover,    he    was    quick. 


SECOND  PASTOR:  QUALIFICATIONS.  85 

subtle,  strong.  He  had  a  nervous  organiza- 
tion, which,  perhaps,  was  too  highly  strung 
for  the  world's  rough  ways,  but  which  made 
him  keenly  susceptible  of  affection,  and  en- 
thusiastically ardent  in  attachment. 

He  was,  too,  in  executive  talent,  a  more 
than  ordinary  man.  He  had  the  disposition 
as  well  as  the  ability  to  labor.  He  wrought 
his  sermons  with  painstaking  fidelity,  and 
with  disciplined  skill.  He  gave  himself  to 
the  work  of  the  ministry  with  a  zeal  and  self- 
forgetfulness  that  revealed  not  more  the  sense 
of  religious  responsibility  than  the  spirit  of 
indomitable  energy. 

And  all  these  qualities,  native  and  acquired, 
were  under  the  control  of  a  profoundly  scrip- 
tural and  eminently  conservative  piety.  He 
loved  truth,  and  sought  it  ever  with  an  inex- 
tinguishable thirst.  He  loved  the  souls  of 
men,  and,  so  long  as  strength  lasted,  sought 

8 


86  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST     . 

their  salvation  with  an  indefatigable  earnest- 
ness. He  was,  in  a  word,  a  noble  example  of 
the  Christian  man  and  the  cultivated  minister. 

Dr.  Carroll  began  his  ministry  here  in  cii 
cumstances  different  from  those  which  sur- 
rounded Mr.  Patterson,  but  scarcely  less  em- 
barrassing. Mr.  Patterson  came  to  Philadel- 
phia when  the  gloom  of  war  and  the  strife  of 
politics  filled  the  very  air  with  darkness  and 
distrust;  Dr.  Carroll  came  to  Philadelphia 
when  ecclesiastical  conflicts  of  long  continu- 
ance were  just  culminating  in  the  disruption  of 
the  great  Presbyterian  body.  The  few  Presby- 
terian Churches  which  Mr.  Patterson  found  in 
Philadelphia  had,  during  his  life,  grown  five- 
fold, but  their  growth  in  number  and  strength 
had  only  added  to  the  breadth  and  bitterness 
of  the  contest  which  Dr.  Carroll  encountered. 

I  have  no  purpose  and  no  heart  to  sketch 
the  contentions  of  those  sad  times,  when  two 


SECOND  PASTOR:  EMBARRASSMENTS.  87 

denominations  were  eliminating  their  elements 
from  the  fragments  of  Christ's  rent  body,  but 
I  simply  design  to  state,  in  a  sentence,  as 
matter  of  history.  Dr.  Carroll's  position.  Be- 
lie vinsr  that  the  so-called  New  School  were 
substantially  right  in  the  questions  at  issue, 
and  sympathizing  in  this  with  the  first  pastor 
of  this  Church,  he  fully  espoused  and  firmly 
maintained  their  cause.  What  embarrass- 
ments such  position  subjected  him  to  we  may 
well  imagine,  when  remembering  that  Phila- 
delphia had  been,  for  years,  the  scene  of  the 
strife,  and  was,  in  1838,  the  forum  in  which 
the  legal  right  of  every  Presbyterian  Congre- 
gation in  the  land,  to  hold  and  use  its  own 
house  of  worship,  was  about  to  receive  judicial 
determination.* 

*  In  October,  1838,  the  great  Presbyterian  Church  case  was 
pending  in  the  Supreme  Court  of  Pennsylvania  for  the  East- 
ern District.  The  Hon.  James  Todd,  the  first  on  the  list  of 
relators  in  this  case,  was  a  member  of  the  Church  over  which 


88  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

But  ecclesiastical  embarrassments  were  not 
the  chief  ones  confronting  Dr.  Carroll  at  the 
time  of  his  installation.  There  are  here  to- 
day those  who  recall  with  painful  memories 
the  great  monetary  crash  of  1837,  and  the 
consequent  fearful  prostration  of  all  industrial 
interests.  The  business  of  the  whole  country, 
enormously  expanded  by  reckless  S23eculation 
and  excessive  overtrading,  was  so  seriously 
deranged  by  sudden  contractions  and  expan- 
sions of  the  currency,  as  to  be  brought,  in  the 
moment  of  collapse  and  panic,  to  the  verge  of 
utter  ruin.  Fortunes  were  lost  in  a  day. 
Families  sank  from  competence  and  comfort 
to  destitution  and  distress. 


Dr.  Carroll  was  installed.  The  trial  of  the  case  began,  4th 
March,  1839,  before  Hon.  Molton  C.  Kogers,  at  Nisi  Prius, 
and  a  special  jury  ;  it  occupied  tAyonty  days.  For  full  parti- 
culars, see  McElroy's  Report  and  Dr.  Judd's  History  of  the 
Division  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  United  States  of 
America. 


SECOND  PASTOR:  EMBARRASSMENTS.  89 

By  such    a  wide-spread  social  convulsion, 
all  Congregations    were,  of    necessity,  much 
affected ;  but  this  Congregation,  for  the  second 
time  in  its  history,  was  well-nigh  wrecked. 
It   will  be   remembered  that  when   the   re- 
moval from  Second  and  Coates  to  some  other 
locality  was    agitated,   it   was    believed   and 
hoped  that  thus  all  financial  difficulties  would 
be  easily  surmounted.     But  when  the  removal 
was  actually  effected,  through  various  causes, 
chief  among  which  was  the  failure  to  realize 
from  the  sale   of  the  Church  property  what 
had  been  confidently  expected,  this  desirable 
result  was  not  reached.     A  debt,  not  so  large, 
indeed,  as  the  old  one,  but  quite  too  large  for 
troublous  times,  was,  with  the  Congregation 
itself,  transferred  to  the  new  house  of  worship. 
This  debt  was  not  embarrassing  so  long  as 
money  could  be  readily  borrowed;  but  when, 
as  in  1838,  no  money  at  all  could  be  borrowed, 

8* 


9 J  THE  DATS  THAT  ARE  PAST 

and  the  payment  of  what  had  been  previously 
loaned  was  peremptorily  demanded,  it  became 
a  burden,  mountain-like  in  weight. 

How  the  corporation  survived  the  pressure 
is  matter  of  marvel.  A  benignant  Providence 
revealed  itself,'  once  more,  in  signal  interpo- 
sition. Unexpected  sources  of  relief  were 
opened;  energetic  measures  were  adopted; 
and,  after  a  time  of  struggle  and  suspense, 
the  crisis  of  peril  was  safely  passed. 

Dr.  Carroll's  pastorate,  beginning  thus  in 
embarrassment,  had  yet  in  progress  very  ma- 
nifest tokens  of  Divine  favor.  Every  year, 
valuable  accessions  were  made  to  the  commu- 
nion, both  on  profession  and  on  certificate. 
The  years  1840  and  1843  were  years  of  re- 
vival. In  1840,  sixty-four  persons  professed 
publicly  their  faith  in  Christ;  in  1843,  se- 
venty. The  whole  number  of  additions  to 
the  Church  during  his  ministry  was  two  hun- 


ENDING  OF  PASTORATE.  91 

dred  and  iiftj-nine,  or  an  average  of  forty- 
eight  a  year. 

Dr.  Carroll's  pastorate  proved  to  be  a  brief 
one.  Beginning  in  October,  1838,  and  ending 
in  February,  1844,  it  extended  only  through 
five  years  and  four  months.  Feeble  health, 
which  not  infrequently  before  had  arrested 
him  in  the  work  of  the  ministry,  came  again 
to  do  its  office.  He  struggled  with  it  bravely, 
but  vainly.  Finding  it  impossible  to  meet 
the  requisitions  of  his  charge,  he  asked  the 
Congregation  to  unite  with  him  in  requesting 
Presbytery  to  dissolve  the  pastoral  relation. 
With  great  reluctance  and  strong  expressions 
of  attachment,  the  Congregation  yielded  to 
his  desire ;  and,  at  a  called  meeting  of  Phila- 
delphia Third  Presbytery,  held  in  the  Lec- 
ture-room of  this  Church,  on  the  ninth  day  of 
February,  1844,  he  was  released  from  the 
connection.* 

*  Kecords  of  Philadelphia  Third  Presbytery. 


■) 


92  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

Dr.  Carroll's  pastorate  in  this  Church  was 
his  last.  The  remainder  of  his  life,  a  period 
of  seven  years  and  ten  months,  was  a  pro- 
tracted scene  of  progressive  bodily  decay. 
He  filled  for  a  time  the  office  of  Secretary  of 
the  New  York  State  Colonization  Society,  and 
subsequently  edited  two  volumes  of  his  own 
sermons,  permanent  memorials  of  his  intellec- 
tual culture,  his  generous,  Christian  sympa- 
thy, and  his  real,  undoubted  power  in  the 
pulj)it. 

His  latest  days  were  spent  in  this  City. 
Confined  entirely  to  his  house  five  months 
before  his  change  came,  he  marked  the  gra- 
dual approach  of  death  with  the  utmost  se- 
renity. In  reply  to  inquiries  respecting  his 
spiritual  prospects,  he  uniformly  said,  "  Christ 
is  all  my  hope." 

The  night  preceding  his  decease,  his  physi- 
cian telling  him  that  he  could  not  long  sur- 


r 


DEATH.  93 

vive,  he  called  for  a  paper  containing  a  cove- 
nant with  God,  which  he  wrote  and  signed  in 
his  youth ;  but  as,  at  the  moment,  it  could 
not  be  found,  he  repeated  it  from  memory,  and 
then  prayed  aloud,  for  near  half  an  hour, 
with  touching  earnestness  and  fervor.  After 
his  prayer,  he  spoke  of  the  night  as  that  of 
Saturday,  and  expressed  a  desire  to  see  the 
light  of  another  Sabbath.  His  wish  was 
granted.  He  saw  the  dawn  of  Sabbath,  the 
twenty-third  November,  1851,  broaden  into 
day;  and,  blessing  God  for  His  goodness,  he 
yielded  up  his  life  in  the  fifty-fifth  year  of  his 
age. 

On  the  afternoon  of  the  following  Tuesday, 
before  the  removal  of  his  remains  to  Brook- 
lyn, his  brethren  of  difierent  denominations 
conducted,  at  the  house  where  he  had  died,  a 
touching  burial  service.  The  Rev.  Henry  G. 
Livingston,  of  the  Reformed  Dutch  Church, 


94  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

offered  prayer;  the  Rev.  John  Chambers,  of 
the  First  Independent  Presbyterian  Church, 
read  the  fourteenth  chapter  of  John's  Gospel ; 
the  Rev.  Drs.  Brainerd  and  Patton  made  ad- 
dresses ;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Wadsworth,  of  the  other 
branch  of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  offered 
the  concluding  prayer ;  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  Ide, 
of  the  First  Baptist  Church,  pronounced  the 
benediction.  Removed  to  Brooklyn,  his  body 
was  first  borne  to  the  Church  of  which  he 
had  been  pastor,  where,  on  Wednesday,  ap- 
proj^riate  funeral  services  were  held,  and  then 
was  borne  to  its  final  resting-place  in  Green- 
wood Cemetery. 

The  third  pastor  of  this  Church  was  the 
Rev.  Ezra  Stiles  Ely,  D.D.  Elected  at  a 
congregational  meeting,  held  18th  April, 
1844,  two  months  after  Dr.  Carroll  was  con- 
strained to  retire,  he  entered  at  once  upon  his 


THIRD  PASTOR:  INSTALLATION.  95 

labors.  He  was  received  into  Philadelphia 
Third  Presbytery,  Tuesday,  the  seventh  day 
of  October,  1845,  and  was  installed  the  Sab- 
bath evening  following.  In  the  installation 
service,  the  Rev.  Elias  J.  Eichards  presided, 
and  proposed  the  constitutional  questions ; 
the  Rev.  Joel  Parker,  D.D.,  preached  the  ser- 
mon ;  the  Rev.  John  L.  Grant  delivered  the 
charge  to  the  pastor;  the  Rev.  Anson  Rood, 
the  charge  to  the  people ;  and  the  Rev.  John 
McKnight  offered  the  closing  prayer. 

At  the  time  of  his  installation  he  was  in 
the  sixtieth  year  of  his  age,  and  the  fortieth 
of  his  ministry."^'  Born  in  Lebanon,  Conn., 
13th  June,  1786,  of  eminently  pious  parents, 
his  father  the  honored  pastor  of  Lebanon,  he 
was  converted,  as  he  ever  thought,  when  nine 

*  The  facts  in  Dr.  Ely's  life  are  gathered  from  varied,  yet 
reliable  sources.  Special  acknowledgments  are  due  to  Mrs. 
Ely,  who,  from  memoranda  in  her  possession,  kindly  aided  in 
verifying  what  else  would  have  been  in  doubt. 


96  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

years  old,  and  was  admitted  to  the  communion 
of  the  Church  when  turned  of  twelve.  Gra- 
duating from  Yale  College  at  the  age  of 
eighteen,  he  studied  Theology  under  the  di- 
rection of  his  venerated  father ;  was  licensed 
to  preach  the  Gospel  by  the  Congregational 
Association  of  Windham,  Conn.,  on  the  twelfth 
day  of  December,  1804 ;  was  called  to  the 
pastorate  of  Westchester  parish,  town  of  Col- 
chester, Conn.,  and  was  installed  there  on  the 
first  day  of  October,  1806. 

After  laboring  three  and  a  half  years  in 
Westchester,  he  accepted,  in  the  spring  of 
1810,  a  call  to  the  ofi&ce  of  stated  preacher  to 
the  Hospital  and  Almshouse  in  the  City  of 
New  York.  Here  he  spent  three  years,  re- 
cording his  experiences  in  a  book  which  he 
published  under  the  title  of  "  Ely's  Journal," 
and  which  was  republished  in  England,  under 
the  title  of  "  Visits  of  Mercy." 


THIRD  PASTOR:  EARLIER  LIFE.  97 

On  the  seventh  day  of  June,  1813,  he  was 
invited  by  the  Third  Church  and  Congrega- 
tion of  this  City  to  preach  as  a  probationer 
for  three  months.  He  accepted  the  invitation; 
was  elected  to  the  pastorate  on  Monday,  the 
eleventh  day  of  October,  1813;  and,  after  a 
tedious  and  very  famous  ecclesiastical  contest, 
was  duly  installed  on  the  seventh  day  of  Sep- 
tember, in  the  year  1814. 

He  remained  in  the  pastorate  of  the  Third 
Church  twenty-one  years,  when  he  resigned 
it  to  aid  in  person  the  establishment  of  a  Col- 
lege and  Theological  Seminary  in  the  State  of 
Missouri.  The  enterprise  was  a  noble  concep- 
tion, and,  for  a  time,  had  promise  of  success, 
but  went  down  at  length,  into  that  financial 
vortex  which,  opening  in  1837,  engulfed  so 
many  private  fortunes  and  public  projects. 
Dr.  Ely's  own  means  were  invested  in  the 
scheme,  and  were  lost  in  the  common  wreck. 

9 


98  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

Returning  to  this  City  about  the  time  the 
pulpit  of  this  Church  was  dechared  vacant,  he 
accepted  the  call  which  the  Congregation  gave 
him,  and,  with  the  energy  and  zeal  of  a  young 
man,  began  his  ministry. 

Dr.  Ely  was  a  most  remarkable  man. 
Among  the  numerous  able  ministers  of  his 
own  denomination  he  had,  when  at  his  prime, 
few  superiors  in  talent,  eloquence,  position,  in- 
fluence, power.  He  was  a  born  orator.  His 
personal  appearance,  to  the  very  close  of  his 
pulpit  ministrations,  was  singularly  fine ;  his 
voice,  full,  sonorous,  clear;  his  enunciation, 
exact,  deliberate,  distinct;  his  manner,  natu- 
ral, graceful,  easy ;  his  memory  as  marvel- 
lously accurate  as  minutely  comprehensive ; 
whilst  his  power  of  logical  analysis,  his 
breadth  of  mental  range,  his  extraordinary 
affluence  of  language,  and  his  perfect  self- 
possession,  were  well-nigh  unrivalled.     Had 


THIRD  PASTOR:  QUALIFICATIONS.  99 

he  possessed  imagination  in  proportion  to  his 
other  intellectual  endowments,  he  would  have 
taken  rank  with  the  great  orators  of  the  world. 

In  theological  attainment,  he  held  a  high 
place.  Entering  thoroughly  into  the  contro- 
versies which  thirty  years  ago  convulsed  the 
Presbyterian  Church,  and  finally  disrupted  it, 
he  approved  himself,  in  print  and  on  the  floor 
of  the  General  Assembly,  an  unquestionably 
skilful  defender  of  what  he  held  to  be  Gospel 
truth  and  Church  order. 

The  Stated  Clerk  of  the  General  Assembly 
for  eleven  years ;  the  Moderator  of  the  As- 
sembly in  the  year  1828  ;  the  pastor  for  a  score 
of  years  of  one  of  the  largest  Churches  in  the 
whole  Presbyterian  denomination ;  the  actual 
possessor  and  the  generous  steward  of  vast 
wealth;  the  elegant  dispenser  of  profuse  hos- 
pitalities; the  genial  companion;  the  culti- 
vated gentleman ;  the  ready  writer;  the  fluent 


100  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST 

speaker ;  the  popular  preacher ;  and,  withal, 
the  bright,  cheerful,  trusting.  Christian  man; 
Dr.  Ely,  in  his  first  pastorate  in  this  City,  oc- 
cupied as  much  of  the  attention  of  the  com- 
munity as  any  minister  in  Philadelphia,  or, 
perhaps,  in  the  entire  country.* 

*  It  is  scarcely  possible  to  overstate  Dr.  Ely's  activity,  hos- 
pitality, charity,  enterprise,  enlightened  Christian  zeal,  and 
large-hearted  public  spirit.  In  private  benefactions  he  gave 
away  a  fortune ;  to  every  scheme  that  promised  to  promote 
the  welfare  of  men  he  rendered  an  unselfish  aid.  His  timely 
assistance  of  the  Jefferson  Medical  School  of  Philadelphia 
when  struggling  for.  life,  is  well  known,  and  is  a  good  illus- 
tration of  his  large  and  liberal  sentiments.  Dr.  Gayley,  in 
his  "  History  of  Jefferson  Medical  College,"  tells  the  story 
substantially  thus : 

"It  now  became  evident  that  for  the  College  to  succeed,  a 
more  eligible  location  and  a  more  commodious  building  were 
necessary  ;  on  this  point,  both  the  faculty  and  trustees  were 
unanimous.  But  where  were  they  to  get  the  funds  ?  The 
institution  had  no  endowment ;  the  faculty,  though  gifted 
with  energy,  talent,  and  enthusiasm,  possessed  little  wealth  ; 
the  trustees,  though  desirous  of  the  prosperity  of  the  College, 
yet  hesitated  to  assume  the  responsibility  of  purchasing  a  lot 
and  erecting  thereon  a  suitable  edifice  ;  whilst  the  number  of 
students  and  the  revenue  from  fees  were  anything  else  than 


THIRD  PASTOR:  MINISTRY.  101 

It  is  strong  proof  of  Dr.  Ely's  devotion  to 
the  work  of  the  ministry,  and  of  his  manly 
elasticity  of  spirit,  that,  when  his  cherished 
plans  in  the  West  were  dashed,  and  his  private 
fortune  hopelessly  lost,  he  was  not  unwilling 
to  return  to  this  City,  the  scene  of  past  great- 
ness, and  to  undertake,  on  the  verge  of  three- 
score, a  laborious  pastoral  charge. 

With  what  fidelity  and  toil  he  met  the  re- 
quisitions of  his  office,  I  need  not  say.  He 
stood  in  his  place,  year  after  year,  unconscious, 

promising.  The  only  collaterals  the  infant  institution  could 
produce  were  the  untiring  industry  of  her  new  and  only  par- 
tially tried  professors  and  their  sanguine  confidence  of  future 
success.  Such  an  investment  no  mere  stoical  money-lender 
would  look  at.  A  man  was  needed  who,  while  possessed  of 
the  money,  had  the  mental  elevation  to  rise  above  the  calcu- 
lations of  the  mere  man  of  money,  and  the  mental  ability  to 
estimate  properly  what  force  of  character,  a  determined  will, 
and  a  manly  enthusiasm  in  carrying  out  a  praiseworthy  pur- 
pose can  accomplish.  Such  a  man  was  found  in  the  Eev.  Ezra 
Stiles  Ely,  D.D.,  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trustees,  and  who, 
at  a  meeting  of  the  Board,  held  March  22,  1827,  assumed  the 
responsibility  of  erecting  a  suitable  building  for  the  College." 

9- 


102  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

seemingly,  that  time  and  trial  had  been  laying 
burdens  on  him.  "  His  eye  was  not  dim,  nor 
his  natural  force  abated,"  when  suddenly,  at 
seven  o'clock,  on  the  morning  of  Saturday,  the 
twenty-third  day  of  August,  1851,  paralysis, 
that  mighty  agent  of  a  mysterious  Providence, 
brought  his  ministry,  but  not  his  life,  to  ab- 
rupt ending.  He  lived  nearly  ten  j^ears  longer, 
but  never  regained  the  jDower  of  intelligible 
speech.  On  the  fifteenth  day  of  April,  1852, 
nine  months  after  his  attack,  and  when  it  was 
evident  that  he  could  never  again  discharge 
the  duties  of  the  pastorate,  he  was  released  by 
Philadelphia  Fourth  Presbytery  from  the  re- 
sponsibilities of  the  office. 

But  his  attachment  to  this  house,  and  to 
the  Congregation  worshipping  in  it,  never 
abated.  So  long  as  he  w^as  able  to  go  abroad, 
he  would  walk,  on  Sabbath  mornings,  a  silent, 
venerable  man,  to  this  holy  house,  and,  ascend- 


THIRD  PASTOR:  CLOSING  DAYS.  103 

ing  the  pulpit,  a  half  hour,  not  infrequently, 
before  the  service  began,  would  sit  in  the 
posture  of  profound  devotion;  and,  when  I 
entered,  he  would  rise  to  offer  his  hand,  with 
all  the  cordiality  of  a  father,  and  with  that 
peculiar  grace  which  marks  the  Christian 
gentleman.  In  the  time  of  prayer,  he  would 
stand  beside  me  and,  when  prayer  was  ended, 
would  utter  his  miieii  in  the  single  word  "  God," 
occasionally  extended  to  "  God  over  all." 

This,  for  two  years  and  more,  was  his  uni- 
form custom;  and,  when  unable  to  worship 
with  us  on  Sabbath  mornings,  he  would  come 
to  our  services  of  communion,  sitting  in 
dignified  silence  beside  the  table  where  the 
emblems  of  his  dear  Lord's  passion  lay.  At 
such  times,  one  who  noted  him  could  not  but 
be  struck  with  the  still  brightness  of  his  face, 
and  the  mute  eloquence  of  his  eye. 


104  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

But  at  length  lie  fliilecl  from  all.*  Never 
leaving  his  home,  but  always  meeting  with 
smiles  the  friends  that  sought  him,  he  slowly 
yielded  to  the  progress  of  decay,  breathing  his 
last  on  the  morning  of  Monday,  the  seven- 
teenth day  of  June,  1861,  and  the  fourth  day 
past  his  seventy-fifth  birthday.  His  funeral, 
the  Thursday  following,  was  attended,  in  this 
Church,  by  many  of  his  brethren,  and  a  large 
concourse  of  his  former  parishioners. 

In  the  orderings  of  Providence,  I  had  been 
called  from  the  City  before  his  death,  and  was 
not  permitted  to  return  in  season  for  his  fu- 
neral. The  Rev.  Dr.  Patton  read  the  Scrij)- 
tures;  the  Rev.  John  Chambers,  of  the  First 
Independent  Presbyterian  Church,  offered 
prayer;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Malin  read  a  carefully 

*  His  last  appearance  in  the  house  of  God,  where  for  eight 
years  he  had  ministered,  was  at  the  communion  on  the  after- 
noon of  Sahbath,  the  first  day  of  November,  1857. 


THIRD  PASTOR:  FUNERAL.  105 

prepared  sketch  of  his  life ;  the  Eev.  Albert 
Barnes  paid  a  touching  tribute  to  his.  memory; 
and  the  Rev.  Dr.  Steele,  of  the  other  branch 
of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  offered  the  closing 
prayer.  Then,  when  the  Congregation  had 
defiled  by  the  coffin  to  look  upon  his  face  for 
the  last  time,  his  body  was  borne  to  the  pas- 
tor's vault,  and  was  laid  to  rest  near  the  dust 
of  the  first  pastor. 

Dr.  Ely's  pastorate,  including  the  eighteen 
months  he  supplied  the  pulpit  as  pastor  elect, 
ran  through  eight  full  years.  Few  incidents 
beyond  the  ordinary  ones  of  stated  ministra- 
tions, in  the  pulpit,  by  the  bedside,  and  at 
the  grave,  are  embraced  in  the  history  of 
these  years.  The  year  1847  saw  the  hand- 
some iron  fence  in  front  of  the  Church  edifice 
replace  the  wooden  one  which  for  fifteen 
years  had  stood  there,  and  the  year  1851  wit- 
nessed extensive  repairs  to  the  Church  edifice 


106  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

itself.  The  year  1848  was  pre-eminently  the 
year  of  revival,  eighty-six  persons  during  the 
year  making  j^ublic  profession  of  faith  in 
Christ.  The  whole  number  of  additions  to 
the  Church  in  the  eight  years  of  Dr.  Ely's 
ministry  was  two  hundred  and  twenty-two, 
or  a  yearly  average  of  twenty-eight. 

An  interval  of  something  more  than  six 
months  lay  between  the  ending  of  Dr.  Ely's 
pastorate  and  the  beginning  of  my  own,  the 
FOURTH  in  the  half  century  past.  The  call 
to  me  was  voted  by  the  Congregation  at  a 
meeting  held  the  fourth  day  of  June,  1852, 
and  was  laid,  with  leave  of  Philadelphia 
Fourth  Presbytery,  by  Commissioners  ap- 
pointed for  the  purpose,  before  the  Presbytery 
of  the  District  of  Columbia,  of  which  I  was  a 
member,  in  the  City  of  Washington,  Thurs- 
day, the  sixteenth  day  of  September  follow- 


FOURTH  PASTOR:  INSTALLATION.  107 

ing.  After  hearing  the  case,  Presbytery 
placed  the  call  in  my  hands,  and,  upon  ex- 
pression of  my  willingness  to  accept  it,  dis- 
solved my  connection  with  the  Church  in 
Maryland,  where  for  nine  years  I  had  labored, 
and  transferred  me  to  the  Presbytery  having 
oversight  of  this  Church. 

I  began  my  ministry  here,  in  feeble  health 
and  depressed  by  doubt,  on  Sabbath,  the  third 
day  of  October,  1852 ;  was  received  by  Phi- 
ladelphia Fourth  Presbytery  the  Wednesday 
following;  and,  on  the  evening  of  Tuesday, 
the  second  day  of  November  next,  was  for- 
mally installed  into  the  pastorate.  At  the 
service  of  installation,  the  Rev.  George  Duf- 
field,  Jr.,  Moderator  of  Presbytery,  presided, 
preaching  the  sermon  and  proposing  the  con- 
stitutional questions;  the  Rev.  John  Cham- 
bers delivered  the  charge  to  the  pastor ;  and 


108 


THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST 


the  Rev.  William  Ramsey,  the  charge  to  the 
people.* 


-Sabbath,  4tli  Dec,  1830. 


*  Embarrassed  often  in  preparing  this  Discourse,  by  want 
of  accurate  information  as  to  dates,  I  place  on  record  here,  for 
the  relief  of  any  one  who  may  undertake  to  write  the  second 
half-century  history  of  this  Church,  the  leading  dates  of  my 
life : 

Born,  in  Clarke  County,  Va.  .  .  Saturday,  25th  April,  1818. 

Admitted  to' the  Communion^ 

of  the  Presbyterian  Church, 

Winchester,  Va.,  Kev.  Wm. 

Hill,  D.D.,  pastor. 

Graduated    from   Columbian^ 

College,    Washington     City,  [  Wednesday,  2d  Oct.  1839. 
D.C.  J 

Graduated  from  Union  Theo-  "^ 
logical  Seminary,  New  York  j- Wednesday ,  28th  June,  1843. 
City.  J 

Licensed  to  preach  the  Gospel  ^ 
by  the  Presbytery  of  the  Dis- 
trict of  Columbia,  in  the  4th  '[- 
Presbyterian  Church,  Wash- 
ington City,  D.C. 

Ordained,  sme  t'ltulo,  by  the 
Presbytery  of  tlie  District  of 
Columbia,  in  Lisbon,  Howard 
County,  Maryland. 


Thursday  Evening,  13th 
July,  1843. 


Thursday,  5th  Oct.  1843. 


FOURTH  PASTOR:  ELEVEN  YEARS'    WORK.     109 

In  the  twelfth  year  of  my  pastorate  to-day, 
I  am  impressed  by  the  thought  that  I  have 

In  the  service  of  Ordination,  the 

Kev.  James  Knox,  Moderator 

of  Presbytery,  presided;  the 

Kev.  William  McLain,  D.D., 

preached  the  sermon  ;  and  the 

Eev.  James  Gr.  Hamner,  D.D., 

delivered  the  charge    to  the 

Evangelist. 
Installed   into  the  pastorate 

of    Harmony     Presbyterian 

Church,    Lisbon,    Md.,  by  a  {-Wednesday,  8th  May,  1844. 

Conimittee  of  the  Presbytery 

of  the  District  of  Columbia. 
In  the  service  of  Installation, 

the   Eev.    Dr.    Hamner   pre- 
sided, preached  the   sermon, 

and  delivered  the  charge  to 

the  people ;   the  Rev.  James 

Knox,  delivered   the   charge 

to  the  pastor. 
Dismissed  from  pastorate  and 

from  Presbytery,  in    Wash-  V  Thursday,  16th  Sept.  1852. 

ington  City,  Fourth  Church. 
Preached    farewell    discourse 

in  Lisbon  Church,  Dr.  Ham- 

V  Sabbath,  26th  Sept.  1852. 
ner  declaring  the  pulpit  va- 
cant. J 

10 


110  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

stood  in  the  pulpit  of  this  house  longer  than 
either  of  my  predecessors.  With  an  over- 
whelming sense  of  my  incapacity  for  the 
great  work  of  the  ministry,  I  cannot  withhold 
the  utterance  of  thanks  to  this  Congregation 
for  the  uniform  kindness  shown  me,  or  the 
acknowledgment  of  gratitude  to  God  for  the 
measure  of  success  accorded  me.  Nor  can  I, 
in  justice  both  to  your  kindly  co-operation, 
and  to  that  Divine  blessing  which  has  made 
our  joint  labors,  in  any  degree,  successful,  fail 
to  place  on  record  some  few  of  the  more  pro- 
minent items  in  the  history  of  our  connection. 

Entered  on  ministry  in  Phila-  ^ 

^  I  Sabbath,  3d  Oct.  1852. 

delphia,  N.  L.  First  Church.  J 

Eeceivei)     into    Philadelphia  ~ 
Fourth  Presbytery  at  its  stated 
meeting. 

Installed  into   the  pastorate  ~ 
of  Philadelphia,  N.  L.  First 
Church,    by  a  Committee  of 
Philadelphia  Fourth  Presby- 
tery. 


^  Wednesday,  6th  Oct.  1852. 


Tuesday  Evening,  2d  Nov. 
1852. 


FOURTH  PASTOR:  ELEVEN  YEARS'    WORK.     Ill 

One  of  these  items  is  the  reign  of  an  un- 
broken peace.  It  is  much  to  say,  that  amid 
all  the  infirmities,  misconceptions,  mistakes, 
so  incident  to  our  fallen  humanity,  we  have 
maintained,  through  eleven  years,  the  spirit 
of  Christian  unity  and  love.  We  have  come 
to  this  holy  house.  Sabbath  after  Sabbath,  with 
no  heart-burnings,  jealousies,  rivalries,  strifes  ; 
we  have  known  nothing  in  our  assemblies 
but  the  song  of  praise,  the  voice  of  prayer, 
and  the  Word  of  God.  Above  us  the  gentle 
Dove  has  rested;  upon  us  the  soft  dews  of 
grace  have  silently  distilled;  around  us  the 
refreshing  atmosphere  of  common  esteem,  re- 
spect, kindness,  has  pervadingly  stretched. 

Another  of  the  items  deserving  a  place  in 
the  historic  record  of  our  connection  is  the 
extinguishment  of  that  church-debt  which 
for  forty  years  was  so  burdensome  and,  at 
times,  so  threatening.     Early  in  my  pastorate 


112  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

this  great  object  was  resolved  on,  and,  in 
1856,  with  commendable  liberality  and  tho- 
rough unanimity,  was  happily  consummated. 
Another  of  the  items  which  should  find  a 
prominent  place  in  the  record  of  our  connec- 
tion embraces  the  additions  and  improve- 
ments to  the  property  of  the  Corporation. 
The  erection  of  an  organ,  the  construction  of 
furnace-heaters,  the  tasteful  remodelling  of 
the  Lecture-room,  the  substantial  repairs  of 
all  the  rooms  under  the  audience-chamber, 
the  fitting-up  of  a  sej)arate  Sunday-school 
library-room,  and  other  valuable  improve- 
ments which  need  not  be  specified,  have  added 
greatly  to  our  comfort  and  efficiency.  These 
improvements  were  materially  aided  by  a 
legacy  from  the  late  James  Gay,  Esq.,  Presi- 
dent of  the  Board  of  Trustees,  who,  dying 
whilst  they  were  in  progress,  manifested  thus 


FOURTH  PASTOR:  ELEVEN  YEARS'   WORK.     113 

his  affection  for  the  Church  in  which  for  more 
than  thirty  years  he  had  worshipped. 

Still  another  of  the  items  which  belong  to 
the  history  of  our  connection  is  the  enlarge- 
ment of  our  contributions  to  denoniinational 
enterprises  and  to  the  general  objects  of  a 
common  Christianity.  At  the  beginning  of 
my  pastorate,  the  average  of  the  annual  con- 
tributions to  all  objects  was  five  hundred  dol- 
lars ;  during  my  pastorate,  these  contributions 
have  so  steadily  augmented  that  the  annual 
average  through  the  whole  eleven  years  has 
been  fifteen  hundred  dollars.  In  contribu- 
tions to  some  specific  objects,  the  advance 
has  been  very  marked.  For  example :  in  the 
year  1854-5,  sixty  dollars  were  contributed 
to  the  Education  cause  ;  in  the  year  1862-3, 
two  hundred  and  fifty-six  dollars :  at  the  open- 
ing of  the  year  1855,  the  contribution  to  Fo- 
reign  Missions   was  seventy-five   dollars;    at 

10* 


114  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

the  opening  of  the  year  1860,  five  hundred 
and  fifty-one  dollars;  and,  at  the  opening  of 
the  year  1863,  eight  hundred  dollars. 

Still  another  of  the  items  which  enter  into 
the  history  of  our  connection  is  the  forth- 
putting  of  Christian  activity.  In  tract  dis- 
tribution, in  charitable  visitation,  and  espe- 
cially in  Sunday-school  labor,  it  has  been  ours 
to  hold  an  honored  place.  In  our  Sunday- 
schools  we  have  had  a  corps  of  teachers,  male 
and  female,  which  any  Church  might  well  be 
proud  of  As  Churches  now  are  constituted, 
the  Sunday-school,  more  than  all  agencies 
beside,  demands  the  talent,  disciplines  the 
skill,  and  directs  the  labor  of  their  members. 
Sunday-school  teachers  are  pre-eminently  the 
Church's  working  force.  Found  in  the  schools, 
they  are  found  also  in  the  lanes  and  alleys  of 
a  great  City,  in  the  social  prayer-meetings, 
and  in  the  sanctuary  services.     Giving  time. 


FOURTH  PASTOR:  ELEVEN  YEARS'    WORK.     115 

strength,  money,  to  the  work  of  practical 
Christianity,  they  never  withhold  from  pas- 
tors the  truest  sympathy  or  the  best  support. 
Through  their  exertions,  mainly,  during  my 
pastorate,  two  simultaneous  and  thorough  ex- 
plorations of  the  Districts  immediately  east 
and  west  of  this  Church  edifice,  have  been 
made  Avith  gratifying  results,  in  gathering 
children  into  the  schools  and  families  into  the 
Congregation.  From  their  classes  have  come 
much  the  larger  proportion  of  additions  to 
our  communion,  and  all  the  young  men  who, 
justly  esteemed  our  jewels,  are  prosecuting 
studies  preparatory  to  the  Gospel  ministry. 

Still  another  of  the  items  which  I  would 
include  in  the  history  of  our  connection,  is 
the  display  of  hearty  sympathy  with  our  Coun- 
try in  the  gigantic  struggle  for  life  now  going 
forward.  We  have  had  no  lust  of  conquest, 
no  purpose  of  vandal  violence,  no  design  to 


116  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

affect  injuriously  the  rights  and  interests  of 
any  section  of  our  land,  or  of  any  portion  of 
our  countiymen,  but  we  have  had  that  love  of 
law,  order,  government,  nationality,  which  has 
risen  superior  to  every  subordinate  considera- 
tion, and  has  ranged  us  with  all  who  demand 
nothing  less  than  that  the  flag  of  our  fathers, 
undimmed  bv  the  loss  of  a  sinoie  star,  shall 
float  from  the  Lakes  to  the  Gulf,  and  from  the 
Atlantic  to  the   Pacific  shore.     We  are  tho- 
roughly serious  in  this ;  we  are  purely,  prayer- 
fully, profoundly   conscientious.     Hence,  we 
have  given  our  money  to  the  national  cause, 
and  to  the  relief  of  sick,  suffering  soldiers. 
Hence,  too,  we  have  given  our  personal  ser- 
vice to  the  brave  men  whom  disease  or  disaster 
made  inmates  of  our  hospitals.     And  hence, 
above  all,  we  have  given,  first  and  last,  more 
than  one  hundred  of  our  sons,  husbands,  bro- 
thers, to  that  great  army  whose  simple,  sub- 


FOURTH  PASTOR:  ELEVEN  YEARS'    WORK.     117 

lime  task  is  that  of  defending,  against  domestic 
traitors  and  foreign  foes,  our  Country's  in- 
tegrity. Of  our  own  volunteers,  some  have 
come  back  to  us  with  shattered  health,  and 
some  have  been  borne  to  us  in  coffins,  but  all 
are  enshrined  forever  in  our  hearts. 

Still  another  of  the  items  Avhich  I  would 
record  among  the  prominent  facts  in  the  his- 
tory of  our  connection,  is  the  joyful  entrance 
into  Heaven  of  so  many  from  our  communion. 
We  account  it  the  end  of  all  Church-arrange- 
ments, and  of  all  Christian  efforts  to  save 
souls;  to  fit  immortal  ones  for  the  holy  com- 
panionships of  the  skies.  We  may  not  say 
that  all  who  die  in  the  visible  Church  are  of 
necessity  numbered  among  the  saved,  but 
from  the  seventy  Church-members  whom  I 
have  buried,  we  can  single  out  many  of  whose 
joyful  entrance  into  Heaven  we  may  not  have 
a  doubt.     Among  these  sainted  dead  are  two 


118  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

of  our  Elders,  Isaac  Will  and  Charles  Deal ; 
among  them,  some  of  the  holiest  men  and  de- 
voutest  women  this  Church  has  ever  had. 
The  days  we  laid  their  bodies  in  the  dust  were 
sad  days  with  us;  but,  remembering  them  this 
morning,  we  murmur  not,  nor  grieve.  We 
rather  rejoice  that  they  are  safe  in  glory ;  that 
they  no  longer  tread  earth's  toilsome,  tearful 
ways;  that  they  are  holy,  happy  now,  and 
will  be  growingly  forever. 

But,  omitting  other  items  in  the  history  of 
our  connection,  I  would  simply  add  that 
during  my  pastorate,  I  have  solemnized  one 
hundred  and  eleven  marriages  ;  have  attended 
to  the  grave  two  hundred  and  thirty  of  the 
dead ;  have  administered  baptism  to  two  hun- 
dred and  eleven  persons,  children  and  adults; 
and  have  received  the  covenant  vows  of  three 
hundred  and  thirty-one  persons  connecting 
themselves  with  this  Church,  either  on  pro- 


FOURTH  PASTOR:  ELEVEN  YEARS'   WORK.     119 

fession  or  on  certificate,  an  annual  average  of 
thirty. 

Our  growth  has  been  gradual  but  stable. 
We  have  had  no  seasons  of  marked  excite- 
ment and  of  large  ingathering,  but  we  have 
had  the  Spirit's  influence  descending  as  the 

dew.     The  year  1858  was  one  of  more  than 

* 
ordinary  quickening,  fifty-four  persons  enter- 
ing our  communion.  And,  to-day,  without 
reckoning  the  names  of  more  than  a  hundred 
persons  who,  in  the  changes  of  pastorates,  and 
especially  of  residences  in  a  crowded  city, 
have  dropped  from  the  knowledge  of  Session, 
we  count  four  hundred  and  sixty  names  on 
our  roll  of  Church-members. 

We  have,  too,  abundant  occasion  to  thank 
God  for  the  steady  progress  we  have  made  in 
pecuniary  strength.  It  is  a  noteworthy,  gra- 
tifying fact  that,  amid  all  the  losses,  ex- 
penditures, and  excitements  of  a  wasting  civil 


120  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

war,  the  past  year  has  been,  in  contributions 
and  Church-income,  the  very  best  year  of  my 
pastorate. 

But  I  turn  from  these  special  notices  of  the 
four  pastorates  in  succession,  to  state  briefly 
some  general  particulars  illustrative  of  con- 
tinuous congregational  life. 

In  reading  the  manuscript  records  of  the 
Corporation,  I  have  been  constantly  reminded 
that  an  accurate  account  of  the  varied  modes 
of  warming  and  lighting  the  Church  edifice, 
would  be  the  history  of  much  of  the  world's 
progress  in  science  and  art  the  past  half 
century. 

The  mode  of  warming  the  Church  edifice 
in  use  at  the  installation  of  Mr.  Patterson, 
was  that  of  ten-plated,  wood-burning  stoves. 
Two  years  later,  an  immense  im23rovement  on 


MODES  OF  WARMING  CHURCH  EDIFICE.       121 

these  stoves  was  effected,  as  was  thought,  by 
setting  up  what  are  described  as  Pyramid 
Stoves,  but  wood-burners  still.  It  is  in  No- 
vember, 1819,  that  we  first  read  of  an  order 
to  purchase  coal /or  the  Session  room,  and  this 
by  way  of  experiment.* 

Wood  and  coal  apparently  waged  with  each 
other  a  doubtful  warfare  for  years,  when  the 
gradual  change  of  public  opinion  brought  coal 
into  the  ascendant.  At  the  transfer  of  the 
Congregation  to  this  house,  coal  was  the  only 
fuel  used,  but,  from  the  imperfection  of  the 
stoves  in  which  it  was  burned,  failed  to  sup- 
ply the  requisite  warmth. 

At  length,  in  a  happy  moment,  some  one 
invented,  and  the  Trustees  introduced,  those 
huge,  coal-burning  heaters,  which,  four  in  num- 
ber, were  set  up  in  the  basement  rooms  beneath 
registers  opening  in  the  aisles  of  the  audience- 

*  Manuscript  records  of  the  Board  of  Trustees. 

11 


122  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

chamber,  and  which,  in  use  when  I  began  my 
ministry,  had  the  merit  of  thoroughly  roast- 
ing all  in  the  Sunday-schools  around  them,  if 
they  did  not  comfortably  warm  all  who  came 
to  worship  above  them. 

In  time,  these  heaters  gave  j)hace  to  two 
furnaces  in  a  single  air-chamber  underneath 
the  basement  rooms.  This  improvement,  made 
in  1856,  at  a  cost  of  four  hundred  and  fifty 
dollars,  has  proved  eminently  satisfactory. 

Such  in  outline,  is  the  history  of  warming 
the  house  in  which  the  Congregation  have 
worshipped.  It  is  substantially  the  history 
of  coal  consumption  ;  of  steamships  and  iron- 
plated  monitors  ;  of  railroads  and  workshops ; 
of  mining,  mechanical,  and  manufacturing 
industry. 

Nor  is  the  history  of  lighting  less  suggestive 
than  the  history  of  warming.  Fifty  years  ago, 
evening  services  in  the  Church  edifice  were 


MODES  OF  LIGHTING  CHURCH  EDIFICE.      123 

not  held.  The  revival  of  1816  made  the  first 
demand  for  such  services ;  and,  in  that  year, 
we  read  of  the  purchase  of  ten  brass  branch 
candlesticks,  and  of  a  box  of  mould  candles.* 
In  1818,  at  the  instance  of  some  progres- 
sives in  the  Board  of  Trustees,  lamps  for  oil 
were  ordered,  but  a  conflict  between  candles 
and  oil,  similar -to  that  between  wood  and 
coal,  seems  for  a  long  time  to  have  been  main- 
tained with  like  result.  At  the  opening  of  this 
house  in  1832,  oil  alone  was  in  use,  and  con- 
tinued in  use  until  1841,  when  gas  displaced  it. 

*  Manuscript  records  of  the  Board  of  Trustees. 

During  most  of  the  first  quarter  of  this  century,  candles  were 
universally  used  for  lighting  Churches.  In  the  manuscript 
journals  of  Mr.  Isaac  Snowden,  an  elder  for  many  years  in  the 
Second  Church,  is  a  notice,  under  date  of  Monday,  23d  May, 
1803,  of  a  missionary  sermon  preached  in  the  Second  Church 
by  the  Kev.  Mr.  Kollock.  After  mentioning  that  Drs.  Alex- 
ander and  Green  aided  Mr.  Kollock  in  the  services  introduc- 
tory to  the  sermon,  he  adds:  "These  gentlemen  sat  in  the 
pulpit  and  sfiuifed  the  candles,  so  that  neither  the  speaker  nor 
the  audience  were  interrupted  by  the  sexton's  going  up  and 
down  repeatedly  to  and  from  the  pulpit." 


124  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

Candles,  oil,  gas!  What  three  words  could 
better  tell  the  eventful  story  of  the  world's 
half  century  progress ! 

The  history  of  this  Church  cannot  be 
written  without  some  notice  of  its  Sunday- 
schools.  In  1815,  as  I  have  had  occasion 
already  to  remark,  the  Union  Sabbath-School 
Association,  composed  of  worshippers  in  this 
Church,  was  formed,  at  the  instance  of  Mr. 
Patterson,  to  search  out  poor  children,  to 
gather  them  into  schools,  to  instruct  them 
gratuitously  in  the  Scriptures,  not  less  than 
one  hour  on  the  morning  and  afternoon  of 
every  Sabbath,  to  go  with  them  to  the  house 
of  God,  to  watch  over  them  during  Divine 
service,  and  tenderly  to  pray  for  them.* 

*  Preamble  to  the  Constitution  and  By-laws  of  the  Union 
Sabbath-School  Association. 

The  Association  suggested  by  Mr.  Patterson  in  aid  of  Sun- 
day-schools, embodies  the  two  ideas  of  grahiHons  and  7'eligions 


CHURCH  EFFICIENCY  IN  SUNDAY-SCHOOLS.     125 

The  first  members  of  this  Association  were 
almost  entirely  females,  who,  for  years,  took 
the  chief  oversight  and  direction  of  its  schools, 
whilst  the  management  of  its  finances  was 
intrusted  to  the  male  members.  At  the  close 
of  its  first  year  of  labor,  coincident  with  the 
close  of  those  protracted  services  which  the 
revival  of  1816  prompted,  a  very  large  school, 

instruction.  It  is  believed  to  have  been  the  first  association 
of  the  kind  in  this  country;  certainly  the  first  in  this  city. 
Before  its  organization,  benevolent  individuals,  here  and 
there,  had  labored  on  this  plan,  but  had  never  reduced  its 
underlying  principles  to  system,  and  had  never  summoned 
church-rnembers,  as  such,  to  co-operative  eftbrt.  In  1791,  the 
Eirst-day  or  Sunday-School  Society,  of  Philadelphia,  was 
formed,  but  its  teachers  were  hired  and  its  teaching  more 
secular  than  religious.  In  1810,  the  Kev.  Kobert  May,  an 
English  Independent  minister,  sojourning  in  Philadelphia, 
preparatory  to  entering  on  the  work  of  missions  in  India, 
originated  an  association  oi  gratuitous  teachers,  but  the  charac- 
ter of  the  instruction  was  the  same  as  that  of  the  First-day 
Society.  His  efibrt  contemplated  simply  the  saving  of  ex- 
pense in  the  conduct  of  Sunday-schools,  and  so  the  extension 
of  their  benefits.  When  he  left  for  India,  the  Society  he  was 
instrumental  in  forming,  declined  and  died. 

11* 


12(i  rilE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

consisting  of  a  male  and  female  department, 
was  in  hopeful  progress,  in  separate  rooms,  on 
Coates  Street,  near  the  Church  edifice. 

The  success  of  this  school,  and  the  quickened 
zeal  of  the  Congregation,  stimulated  the  es- 
tablishment of  other  schools;  some  under  the 
care  of  the  Union  Sabbath-School  Associa- 
tion; some  under  the  care  of  members  of 
the  Church,  acting  independently;  and  some 
under  the  care  of  a  second  association,  styled 
"The  Combined  Sabbath-School  Association 
of  the  Northern  Liberties."  I  am  not  able  to 
state  the  precise  order  in  which  these  several 
schools  were  begun,  the  records  of  the  Union 
Sabbath-School  Association  for  the  first  five 
years  of  its  history,  and  all  the  records  of  the 
Combined  Sabbath-School  Association,  through 
the  whole  term  of  its  fifteen  years'  existence, 
having  been  lost;  but,  in  1820,  the  Union 
Sabbath-School  Association  had  under  its  care 


CATALOGUE  OF  SUNDAY-SCHOOLS.  127 

five  schools,  which  are  named  as  follows:  the 
Coates  Street  School ;  the  Spring  Garden 
School ;  the  Cohocksink  School ;  the  Kensing- 
ton School,  and  the  Colored  School.  These 
schools  are  reported  as  having  an  aggregate  of 
six  hundred  and  fifty  scholars.  Of  them,  I 
first  submit  some  brief  notices. 

The  Coates  Street  School,  at  all  times  the 
largest,  formed  an  important  part  of  the  con- 
gregations in  the  Church  edifice  on  the  Sab- 
bath, and  contributed  much  of  the  material 
from  which  additions  to  the  communion  were 
drawn.  In  1833,  it  was  transferred,  with  the 
Congregation,  to  the  new  Church  edifice  on 
Button  wood  Street,  where  it  still  lives  in  mani- 
festation of  an  energy  and  success  quite  equal 
to  any  showings  of  the  past.* 

^'  The  number  of  enrolled  scholars  in  this  school  is  about 
25U;  the  amount  of  annual  contributions  to  benevolent  objects 
about  $300.  In  the  school  is  also  a  Mite  Society  composed  of 
the  teachers  and  their  friends,  and  ors;anized  to  raise  means 


128  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  FAST. 

The  Spring  Garden  School,  begun  in  1817, 
as  nearly  as  I  can  determine,  was  held  at  the 
corner  of  Buttonwood  and  Eighth  Streets.  At 
its  opening,  some  Mij  children  were  in  attend- 
ance, gathered  from  poor  dwellings,  which  nu- 
merous butcher  shambles  in  that  vicinity  had 
attracted.  Between  the  site  of  the  school  and 
the  built  portions  of  the  town,  there  stretched 
a  wide  interval  of  open  grounds  and  of  occa- 
sional lots,  inclosed  with  post  and  rail  fences. 
Here,  for  thirty-four  years,  a  corps  of  faithful 
teachers,  with  much  to  encourage  them  most 
of  the  time,  perse veringly  labored,  relinquish- 
ing their  work  not  until  the  changed  circum- 
stances of  the  District,  and  the  urgent  calls  for 
laborers  elsewhere,  plainly  demanded  it. 

The  CoHOCKSiNK  School,  begun,  as  I  suppose, 

for  paying  the  salary  of  a  music  instructor,  and  for  making 
additions  to  the  library.  The  mite  collections,  last  year,  were 
rising  $200. 


CATALOGUE  OF  SUNDAY-SCHOOLS.  129 

about  the  time  of  that  in  Spring  Garden,  was 
located,  according  to  the  records  of  the  Asso- 
ciation, '^a  mile  and  a  half  from  town."  Its 
average  attendance  of  scholars  through  most 
of  the  ten  years  of  its  existence  numbered 
eighty.  Its  remoteness  and  the  consequent  dif- 
ficulty in  commanding  the  services  of  teachers 
led  to  its  discontinuance  in  the  year  1828, 
but  not  before  other  Churches,  in  the  vicinity, 
were  prepared  to  carry  forward  the  work  it 
had  begun.* 

The  Kensington  School,  opened  near  the 
time  of  the  opening  of  the  Spring  Garden  and 
Cohocksink  Schools,  was  located  at  the  first, 
in  "  Frankford  Road  above  Otter."     Its  his- 

*  In  December,  1818,  Mr.  Patterson  reported  to  Philadel- 
phia Presbytery  that  he  had  organized  "  The  First  Church  of 
Cohocksink,"  with  two  elders.  The  Church  was  taken  under 
care  of  Presbytery,  but  never  became  self-sustaining,  and, 
finally,  was  disbanded.  The  present  Pirst  Church  of  Cohock- 
sink was  organized  by  Eev.  Dr.  John  McDowell,  8th  March, 
1840. 


130  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  FAST. 

tory  is  one  of  singular  alternations  between 
the  gladness  of  success  and  the  gloom  of  des- 
pondency. At  one  time,  over  two  hundred 
children  and  more  teachers  than  can  be  well 
employed,  are  in  attendance ;  at  another  time, 
few  children  and  fewer  teachers  extort  from 
successive  superintendents  the  wail  of  lamen- 
tation. For  eighteen  years  of  its  history  it 
was  a  migratory  school,  wandering  from  room 
to  room  and  from  street  to  street,  wherever  it 
could  find  a  local  habitation.  So  great  were 
the  embarrassments  from  this  source,  and  so 
important  was  the  school  to  the  destitute  Dis- 
trict immediately  around  it,  that  the  Associa- 
tion, in  1835,  erected,  on  Dun  ton  Street  above 
Otter,  a  school-house,  which,  finished  in  May 
of  the  following  year,  furnished  the  long- 
needed  accommodation.  In  this  house,  with 
varying  fortunes,  the  school  was  continued 
until  November,  1862,  when,  from  the  multi- 


CATALOGUE  OF  SUNDAY-SCHOOLS.  131 

plication  of  Churches  and  schools  in  its  neigh- 
borhood, its  discontinuance  was  judged  expe- 
dient. 

The  Colored  School  began  its  existence 
somewhat  later  than  the  other  mission-schools, 
and,  for  more  than  ten  years,  was  efficiently 
conducted.  Its  locality  was  a  room  on  Coates 
Street  above  Fourth,  where  now  stands  the 
African  Methodist  Episcopal  Union  Church. 
Here,  with  manifest  tokens  of  the  Divine  ap- 
proval and  blessing,  two  hundred  scholars, 
children  and  adults,  were  frequently  assem- 
bled ;  but  the  formation  of  a  Colored  Church, 
and  the  necessity  of  concentrating  the  interest 
of  the  colored  j)eople,  led  to  the  discontinu- 
ance of  the  school  in  the  year  1829.* 

*  This  colored  Sunday-school  was  not  the  only  instrumen- 
tality employed  hy  the  Church  to  bless  and  save  the  colored 
population  of  the  Liberties.  In  Brown  Street  above  Fourth, 
where  now  the  Zoar  Church  stands,  a  night  school  for  colored 
adults,  one  evening  in  the  week,  was  successfully  carried  on 


132  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

Coincident  with  the  discontinuance  of  the 
Colored  School  was  the  reception  by  the 
Union  Sabbath-School  Association,  of  a  school 
named  the  Nazarene,  which  individual  mem- 
bers of  the  Church,  young  ladies  chiefly,  had, 
four  years  before,  begun  on  Charlotte  Street 
near  Franklin.  Starting  with  one  hundred 
scholars,  and  reaching  two  hundred  in  a  few 
months,  this  school  was  one  of  great  efliciency. 
In  1830,  it  was  removed,  on  the  invitation  of 
Mr.  George  Wilson,  to  a  large,  new,  brick 
Sunday-school  house,  which  he,  at  his  own 
expense,  had  erected  on  ground  in  the  line  of 
Fourth  Street,  and  above  the  present  Thomp- 
son  Street,  where  for  years  it  was  held. 

But  whilst  the  Union  Sabbath-School  Asso- 
ciation was  thus  aiding  the  work  of  gratuitous, 

for  years.  In  this  school,  many  of  the  most  respectable 
colored  people  of  the  District  were  taught  to  read  and  write, 
of  whom  some  few  still  live  to  praise  their  benefactors.  The 
average  attendance  is  represented  o.?, fifty  scholars. 


CATALOGUE  OF  SUNDAY-SCHOOLS.  133 

religious  instruction,  another  association,  con- 
sisting of  members  of  this  Church,  was  formed 
for  a  similar  purpose.  This  association  was 
stjded  "  The  Combined,"  and  w^as  organized 
in  the  year  1818.  It  had  under  its  care,  from 
first  to  last,  according  to  the  best  information 
I  have  been  able  to  gather,  four  Schools :  one 
at  the  corner  of  Second  Street  and  German- 
town  Road,  begun  in  1818  and  removed  in 
1820  to  Berkley  Court,  now  Lawrence  Street, 
where,  for  years,  the  average  attendance  was 
sixty  scholars ;  another,  in  the  third  story  of 
the  Lecture-room  on  Coates  Street,  begun 
about  1819  and  continued  several  years,  with 
an  average  attendance  of  seventy-five  scholars; 
another  in  Ulrick's  Alley,  but  the  time  of  be- 
ginning and  the  average  attendance  I  cannot 
ascertain ;  and  the  other  at  the  corner  of  Third 
Street  and  Germantown  Road,  begun  about 
1821,  but  soon  removed  to  a  commodious  Mis- 

12 


134  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

sion  Schoolhouse,  which  the  Association  had 
built  on  ground  a  little  north  of  Otter,  where 
Hope  Street  now  is.  This  fourth  School  was 
the  principal  one,  numbering  never  less  than 
one  hundred  and  fifty  scholars,  and  exerting, 
for  more  than  a  dozen  years,  an  extended  and 
healthful  influence.* 

Beside  the  ten  schools  thus  briefly  de- 
scribed, six  under  the  care  of  the  Union 
Sabbath-School  Association,  and  four  under 
the  care  of  the  Combined,  there  were  begun, 
at  various  times,  thirteen  others,  which  I  can 
merely  enumerate. 

*  In  this  Mission  House,  2d  October,  1832,  Mr.  Patterson 
organized  "The  Second  Presbyterian  Church  of  Kensing- 
ton." To  aid  in  forming  this  organization,  fourteen  persons 
from  his  pastoral  charge  had  been  dismissed.  Three  elders 
were  elected,  Samuel  Wilson,  TVilliam  E.  Cornwell,  and  David 
Henderson ;  all  late  members  of  Philadelphia  N.  L.  First 
Church,  In  1838,  the  Church  changed  its  ecclesiastical  rela- 
tions by  union  with  the  German  Keformed  denomination,  but 
in  1846  was  disbanded,  most  of  its  members  entering  Kensing- 
ton First  Church,  Eev,  George  Chandler,  pastor. 


CA TALOG  UE  OF  SUNDA  Y-SCHOOLS.  135 

First,  the  Barton  School,  near  the  spot 
where  Laurel  and  Front  Streets  now  intersect, 
begun  about  1817,  and  contained  several  years, 
with  an  average  attendance  of  one  hundred 
scholars. 

Next,  the  Hart  Lane  School,  three  miles 
from  town,  in  the  line  of  Second  Street,  be- 
gun in  1820  and  continued  two  years,  with  an 
average  attendance  of  fifty  scholars. 

Next,  the  Rising  Sun  School,  at  the  fork 
of  the  Germantown  and  York  Roads,  begun 
about  1822,  and  continued  some  three  years, 
with  an  average  attendance  of  sixty  scholars. 

Next,  the  Race  Street  School,  at  Twelfth 
and  Race,  in  a  poor  suburb  of  the  City  pro- 
per, begun  about  1824,  and  continued  ^\q^ 
years,  with  an  average  attendance  of  seventy- 
five  scholars. 

Next,  the  Eastburn  School,  on  Charlotte 
Street  near  Beaver,  begun   about   1825,  and 


inCi  THE  DATS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

continued  for  more  tlian  twenty  years,  with 
an  average  attendance  of  one  hundred  and 
fifty  scholars. 

Next,  the  Kirke  White  School,  begun  in 
1828,  on  Kunkle,  now  Dillwyn  Street,  above 
Callowhill,  and  subsequently  removed  to 
Keim's  Hall,  on  Fourth  Street  below  Callow- 
hill,  with  an  average  attendance  of  seventy- 
five  scholars. 

Next,  the  Infant  School,  which  begun  in 

the  studv  of  the  new  Church  edifice  on  But- 

«/ 

ton  wood  Street  in  1834,  and  suspended  in 
1841,  w^as,  two  years  after,  under  the  auspices 
of  the  Union  Sabbath-School  Association,  re- 
sumed in  the  Trustees'  room,  where,  to-day,  it 
is  large  and  flourishing.* 

*  This  school  has  more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  enrolled 
scholars.  It  gives  from  thirty  to  forty  dollars  annually  to 
Foreign  Missions,  and  sends  annually  to  the  more  advanced 
school,  taught  in  the  Lecture-room  of  the  Church,  an  average 
of  twentv-five  cliildren. 


*  CATALOGUE  OF  SUNDAY-SCHOOLS.  137 


Next,  the  Missionary  School,  which  begun 
about  1835  on  Sixth  Street  above  Poplar,  and 
subsequently  removed  to  Sixth  and  Coates, 
was,  with  an  average  attendance  of  eighty 
scholars,  taken  under  the  care  of  the  Union 
Sabbath-School  Association  in  1838,  but  was 
discontinued  in  1839. 

Next,  the  Marion  School,  opened  the  sixth 
day  of  December,  1835,  and  continued  for 
four  years  in  Smith's  Alley,  with  an  average 
attendance  of  sixty  scholars. 

Next,  the  Coates  Street  Colored  School, 
begun  about  1810,  in  Coates  Street  above 
Fifth,  and  continued  some  three  years,  with 
an  average  attendance  of  ninety  scholars. 

Next,  the  Union  School,  which  begun  in 
1852,  by  the  Union  Sabbath-School  Associa- 
tion, in  the  Lecture-room  of  the  old  Church  on 
Coates  Street  above  Second,  had,  when  trans- 
ferred that  same  year  to  the  Union  Presby- 

12* 


138  TJIE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

terian  Church  of  the  Xorthern  Lil^erties,  more 
than  one  hundred  scholars.*  » 

Next,  the  Pexx  Hose  School,  begun  in  the 
South  Penn  Hose  House,  in  the  spring  of 
1859,  but,  after  a  few  months'  existence,  sus- 
pended. 

Next,  the  Briggsyille  School,  which,  be- 
o'un  in  Delaware  County,  near  Media,  in  the 
spring  of  1860,  bj  one  of  our  students  for 
the  Gospel  ministry,  is  aided  annually  by  the 
Buttonwood  Street  School  with  gifts  of  money 
and  books,  and,  throuuh  eidit  months  of  the 
year,  with  an  ayerage  attendance  of  fifty  scho- 
lars, is  most  efficiently  conducted. f 

*  The  irniuii  Presbyterian  Church  was  constituted  by  Phi- 
ladelphia Fourth  Presbytery,  in  October.  1852,  of  forty-five 
communicants,  dismissed  for  the  purpose  by  the  Session  of 
Philadelphia  X.  L.  First  Church.  The  enterprise  proving 
unsuccessful,  the  Church  was  disbanded,  many  of  its  members 
returning  to  their  old  home. 

f  See  Appendix  Ty. 


SUNDAY-SCHOOL  INSTRUCTION.  139 

Thus,  it  appears  that,  first  and  last,  during 
forty-nine  years  of  Sunday-school  labor,  this 
Church  has  had  the  care  of  not  less  than 
twenty-three  schools,  some  of  them  large,  and 
none  of  them  with  a  smaller  average  attend- 
ance than  fifty  scholars.  If,  to-day,  we  could 
assemble  all  wdio,  as  superintendents,  librari- 
ans, teachers,  scholars,  were  identified  more 
or  less  closely  with  these  schools,  what  an 
exceeding  great  army  would  confront  us! 

The  plan  of  instruction  early  adopted  in 
the  schools,  and  rigidly  adhered  to  for  years, 
was  the  recitation  of  Scripture  verses  and  of 
hymns.*  Brown's  Catechism  was  subse- 
quently introduced,  and,  later  still,  the  As- 

*  In  the  recitation  of  Scripture  verses,  some  pupils  in  the 
schools  displayed  remarkahle  power  of  memory.  It  is  related 
that  in  the  Eastburn  School,  a  young  lady,  during  the  few 
years  of  her  attendance  as  a  scholar,  recited  to  the  superin- 
tendent the  whole  of  the  New  Testament  and  quite  one-half 
of  the  Old. 


140  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

sembly's  Shorter  Catechism.  Question-books 
are  of  comparatively  recent  date. 

In  reward  for  memorlter  recitations,  tickets, 
blue  and  red,  were  given,  and,  at  fixed  rates, 
were  exchanged  for  premium  books,  the  pre- 
sentation of  which,  on  Christmas  or  New 
Year's  day,  was  the  festival  time  of  the  year. 
The  ticket  system  continued  in  use  until  1840, 
when  it  was  abandoned.  Two  years  after- 
ward, however,  it  was  restored;  but,  in  1844, 
was  again  abandoned.  In  1857,  it  was  once 
more  adopted,  but,  the  year  following,  w^as 
finally  abandoned. 

For  ten  years  past  it  has  been  the  custom, 
at  the  anniversary  of  the  schools  in  May,  to 
present  a  copy  of  the  Scriptures  to  every 
scholar  who,  during  the  year,  has  accurately 
recited  to  the  pastor  the  Assembly's  Shorter 
Catechism.  Scores  of  Bibles,  worthily  won, 
have  thus  been  Avidely  distributed. 


SUNDAY-SCHOOL  LIBRARIES.  141 

As  early  as  the  year  1821,  attention  was 
directed  to  the  formation  of  libraries  for  the 
schools,  but  it  was  not  until  1827  that  this 
important  enterprise  was  earnestly  attempted. 
The  teachers  of  the  Coates  Street  School,  con- 
tributing themselves  the  money,  purchased  a 
library  of  two  hundred  volumes,  and  their 
example  was  speedily  followed  by  the  teachers 
in  all  the  schools.  In  1836,  when  the  Coates 
Street  School  had  been  three  years  in  the 
Church  edifice  on  Buttonwood  Street,  the 
teachers  again  contributing  the  money,  a  new 
library  of  six  hundred  volumes  was  purchased. 
This  library  was  the  beginning  of  that  now  in 
use,  which,  after  the  wear  and  waste  of  more 
than  a  quarter  century,  and  with,  perhaps, 
not  a  volume  in  it  of  the  original  purchase, 
numbers  to-day  more  than  one  thousand  vo- 
lumes, many  of  them  valuable. 

In  1846  the  first  Sunday-school  papers  were 


142  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

purchased,  and,  with  occasional  changes  of  the 
papers  themselves,  the  choice  alternating  be- 
tween those  published  by  the  American  Sun- 
day-School Union  and  those  by  the  American 
Tract  Society,  have  ever  since  been  statedly 
distributed.  * 

From  the  beginning  of  my  pastorate  to  the 
present  time,  I  have  been  accustomed  to  meet 
the  schools  taught  in  the  Church  edifice,  on 
the  first  Sabbath  of  every  alternate  month, 
to  catechize  them  in  the  Assembly's  Shorter 
Catechism,  and  to  preach  the  Gospel  to  them. 
The  preaching  services  have  ever  been  charac- 
terized by  thorough  attention  and  eager  inte- 
rest; and,  as  I  have  had  occasion  to  know, 
have  not  been  unattended  by  the  blessing  of 
Him  who,  in  the  days  of  His  flesh,  said, 
"Sutler  little  children,  and  forbid  them  not, 
to  come  unto  me ;  for  of  such  is  the  kingdom 
of  Heaven." 


SUNDAY-SCHOOL  CHARITIES.  143 

In  all  the  schools^  too,  from  the  earliest 
times  to  the  present,  systematic  contributions 
to  benevolent  obiects  have  been  made.  It  is 
suggestive  to  read  the  record  of  these  objects. 
Now  the  contribution  is  in  aid  of  the  educa- 
tion of  Indian  youth ;  now,  of  some  colored 
man  who  is  about  to  enter  Africa  as  a  mis- 
sionary; now,  of  some  young  man,  a  member 
of  the  Church,  who  is  struggling  to  enter  the 
ministry;  now,  of  Sunday-schools  in  the 
West;  now,  of  Bible  distribution;  now,  of  a 
feeble  Church,  sometimes  in,  sometimes  near 
Philadelphia;  now,  of  Home  Missions;  and 
now,  of  Foreign  Missions.  Thus  the  whole 
field  of  Christian  enterprise  has  been,  year 
by  year,  surveyed;  and  thus  an  intelligent 
sympathy  with  Christ's  heart  has  been  steadily 
fostered. 

But  I  may  not  extend  this  general  notice 
of  our  Sunday-schools.     Nor  may  I  attempt 


144  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

the  slightest  estimate  of  the  good  which  these 
schools  have  eiFected.  What  thousands  they 
have  trained  for  usefulness  on  earth ;  what 
thousands  for  happiness  in  heaven!  Some 
faint  reflections  of  their  manifold  utilities 
may,  indeed,  be  seen  in  the  material  prosper- 
ity of  the  various  localities  where  they  have 
noiselessly  wrought,  especially  in  the  number 
and  influence  of  the  Churches  occupying  their 
sites,  and,  by  natural  law,  outspringing  from 
them,  but  their  real  power,  and  their  actual' 
results,  can  only  be  learned  from  the  revela- 
tions of  eternity. 

The  Eldership  of  this  Church  deserves  a 
fuller  notice  and  ampler  justice  than  I  can 
give.  In  the  fifty  years  now  past,  twenty-one 
persons  have  been  inducted  into  the  oflice : 
four  by  Dr.  Janeway  in  connection  with  the 
organization  of  the  Church ;  nine  by  Mr.  Pat- 


ELDERSHIP.  145 

terson ;  three  by  Dr.  Carroll ;  five  by  me.* 
Of  the  four  ordained  and  installed  by  Dr. 
Janeway,  not  one  is  now  living.  Of  the  nine 
ordained  and  installed  by  Mr.  Patterson,  but 
two  are  living,  Samuel  S.  Barry  and  Adam 
H.  HiNKEL :  the  former,  in  Yonkers,  N.  Y. ; 
the  latter,  an  Elder,  still  with  us.  Of  the 
three  ordained  and  installed  by  Dr.  Carroll,  all 
are  living,  but  all  have  gone  from  us  to  other 
churches  :  Anthony  Green,  to  Milwaukee ; 
William  Soby,  to  Beverly,  N.  J. ;  Nicholas 
B.  Unruh,  to  German  town.  Of  the  five 
ordained  and  installed  by  me,  one,  Charles 
Deal,  has  deceased,  but  the  surviving  four, 
John  B.  Stevenson,  Jacob  H.  Ziegenfus, 
Peter  A.  Jordan,  and  Eli  H.  Eldridge,  are 
all  members  of  our  Session  to-day.* 

Of  the  twenty-one  who,  during  the   half 
century,  have  served  in  the  Eldership,  five, 

*  See  Appendix  V. 
13 


146  the  days  that  are  past. 

John  Gourley,  Egbert  Sawyer,  Joseph  Ab- 
bott, Isaac  Will,  and  Charles  Deal,  deceased 
while  in  office.  Although  unable  to  describe 
these  brethren  as  their  worth  and  work  de- 
mand, I  may  not  yet  omit  brief  notice  of  them. 

John  Gourley,  the  first  of  our  Elders  dying 
in  office,  was  one  of  the  four  whom  Dr. 
Janeway  ordained  and  installed  on  Sabbath, 
the  twenty-third  day  of  May,  1813.  He  was 
a  man  of  singularly  amiable  and  gentle  sj^irit, 
a  devout  Christian,  and  a  faithful  elder. 

In  the  revival  of  1816,  he  rendered  valua- 
ble aid  to  the  overburdened  pastor,  but  through 
most  of  the  following  year,  he  was  an  invalid. 
He  appeared  in  Session  the  last  time  on  the 
seventh  day  of  January,  1817,  and  thence- 
forward to  the  seventeenth  day  of  November, 
when  he  died,  his  strength  of  body  slowly, 
yet  steadily,  declined.     His  end  was  peace. 


ELDERS  DYING  IN  OFFICE.  147 

Robert  Sawyer,  the  second  of  our  Elders 
dying  in  office,  was  received  into  the  commu- 
nion of  this  Church,  on  public  profession  of 
faith  in  Christ,  the  fifth  day  of  March,  1814; 
was  ordained  and  installed  by  Mr.  Patterson 
on  the  eighteenth  day  of  July,  1820;  and  was 
called  to  die  on  the  fourth  day  of  January, 
1830.  As  member  and  Elder  of  the  Church 
he  was  equally  conscientious  and  indefatiga- 
ble in  every  good  word  and  work. 

In  the  Eldership  he  approved  himself  one 
of  Mr.  Patterson's  most  efficient  helpers.  He 
was  pre-eminently  the  praying  and  working 
Elder.  Engaged,  six  days  of  the  week,  in  a 
laborious  occupation,  which  ga\  e  him,  at  noon, 
but  a  single  hour  for  rest,  he  habitually  spent 
the  half  of  it  in  closet  prayer.  He  kept  in 
his  drawer  a  paper  on  which  he  had  written 
the  names  of  persons  whom  he  wished  to  re- 


14S  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

member  at  a  throne  of  grace,  and,  day  b}-  day, 
in  their  behalf,  he  wrestled  with  Jehovah. 

Of  those  he  prayed  for,  many  were  con- 
verted, and  some  were  made  most  eminent 
Christians.  Singular  to  tell,  his  ordinarj^ 
speech  was  slow  and  stammering,  but  in 
prayer  his  fluency  and  fervor  were  alike  re- 
markable. 

Nor  was  he  more  earnest  in  praying  than 
in  working.  The  evening  of  every  week-day 
found  him  somewhere  in  religious  meetings  : 
two  evenings  in  the  Church ;  the  other  four 
in  little  gatherings  for  prayer  and  exhorta- 
tion which  he  himself  had  jDlanned. 

Like  his  pastor,  he  had  a  passion  for  saving 
souls.  He  overlooked  no  lane  or  alley ;  he 
passed  by  no  humble,  wretched  home  in  all 
the  Liberties.  Through  night  and  storm, 
guided  by  his  lantern,  which  was  his  almost 
constant  companion  in  missionary  work,  he 


ELDERS  DYING  IN  OFFICE.  149 

went  everywhere.  It  is  believed,  that  to  all 
residing  in  the  District,  the  person  and  the 
lantern  of  Robert  Sawyer  were  well-nigh  as 
familiar  as  the  principal  streets  or  the  promi- 
nent buildings. 

Liberal  in  money  gifts,  although  of  mode- 
rate circumstances,  diligent  in  business,  fervent 
in  spirit,  serving  the  Lord,  he  was  universally 
respected,  and  when  he  died,  "  devout,  men 
made  great  lamentation  over  him." 

Under  date  of  fourth  January,  1830,  Mr. 
Patterson  wrote  in  his  journal:  "This  day  I 
witnessed  the  calm  and  peaceful  death  of  one 
of  the  most  useful  men  in  my  Church.  That 
Scripture,  indeed,  was  fulfilled  in  him,  ^Marlv 
the  perfect  man,  and  behold  the  upright,  for 
the  end  of  that  man  is  peace.'  A  few  minutes 
before  he  ceased  to  breathe,  he  was  asked  if 
he  had  any  fears  of  death.  He  replied,  ^No, 
no  fears  at  all.'     He  was  one  of  my  best  friends 


18* 


I'.i)  77//;  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

and  supporters;  and  I  thank  the  great  Head 
of  the  Church  that  He  gave  me  so  useful  a 
man.  Perhaps  few  men,  if  any,  in  this  City, 
made  a  better  use  of  their  talents  and  influ- 
ence than  he  did." 

Joseph  Abbott,  the  third  of  our  Elders 
dying  in  office,  was  one  of  the  four  ordained 
and  installed  by  Dr.  Janeway,  and  was  asso- 
ciated with  Mr.  Patterson,  in  the  Church  Ses- 
sion, a  longer  term  than  any  other  Elder.  He 
was  a  man  of  strong  sense,  of  calm,  clear 
judgment,  and  of  unquestioned,  unquestion- 
able piety.  Without  the  culture  of  Francis 
Markoe,  and  without  the  fervor  of  Robert 
Sawyer,  he  revealed  a  character  so  noble  in 
attribute,  and  so  massive  in  proportion,  that 
his  influence  was  scarcely  inferior  to  that  of 
either. 

He  was  especially  distinguished  by  know- 


ELDERS  DYING  IN  OFFICE.  151 

ledge  of  Scripture.  He  made  the  word  of 
God,  in  literal  sense,  the  man  of  his  counsel. 
Mr.  Patterson,  himself  a  diligent  Bible  stu- 
dent, is  quoted  as  saying,  that  of  all  the  men 
he  ever  knew,  Joseph  Abbott  had  the  rarest 
and  readiest  command  of  Scripture  texts. 

A  safe  and  trusted  counsellor,  a  quiet  yet 
efficient  worker,  an  invaluable  church  officer, 
a  steadfast  friend,  a  true,  honest.  Christian 
man,  he  stood  beside  his  pastor  through  evil 
and  through  good  report.  On  the  records  of 
Session,  whatever  name  does  not  appear  as 
present  at  meetings,  where  scores  are  asking 
admission  to  Church  communion,  or  w^here 
unworthy  members  are  to  be  dealt  with  in 
discipline,  his  name  is  never  missed. 

At  the  close  of  November,  1831,  he  is  re- 
corded as  present  at  Session  ;  at  the  next  Ses- 
sional meeting,  some  few  weeks  thereafter,  he 


152  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

is  absent,  and  never  again  is  present,  for  God, 
meanwhile,  has  said  to  him,  "Come  up  higher." 

Isaac  Will,  the  fourth  of  our  Elders 
dying  in  office,  was  converted  and  received 
into  the  Church  during  the  great  revival  of 
1816,  and  was,  with  Robert  Sawyer  and 
Robert  Wallace,  ordained  and  installed  by 
Mr.  Patterson  on  the  eighteenth  day  of  July, 
1820.  For  thirty-seven  years,  nearly,  he  filled 
with  great  fidelity  and  acceptance  the  ofiice  of 
Elder.  In  Sessional  responsibility  and  labor 
he  was  associated  with  every  pastor  the  Church 
has  had :  with  Mr.  Patterson  more  than  seven- 
teen years;  with  me,  nearly  five. 

He  was  a  fine  example  of  the  elevating  and 
ennobling  influence  of  Christianity.  Possessed 
of  few  early  advantages,  and  arrived  at  middle 
life  wdien  making  a  profession  of  religion,  he 
revealed  a  mental  activity  which  before  he 


ELDERS  DYING  IN  OFFICE.  153 

had  not  shown,  and  sought  with  diligence  the 
knowledge  which  now  he  felt  the  need  of.  He 
searched  the  Scriptures  as  for  hid  treasures; 
he  availed  himself  of  whatever  helps  to  the 
understanding  of  the  Word  he  could  com- 
mand; and  he  read  with  uncommon  care  the 
standard  authors  in  divinity,  and  the  best 
treatises  in  our  language  on  practical  religion. 

When  I  first  knew  him,  he  was  seventy 
years  old,  yet  his  memory  was  unimpaired, 
and  his  intelligence  surprising.  He  was  a 
Calvinist  from  experience  and  conviction.  It 
was  impossible  to  hear  him  pray  without  im- 
pression that  his  sense  of  dependence  on  God 
was  real,  and  that  his  apprehension  of  truth 
was  as  comprehensive  as  clear. 

Entering  the  Session  about  the  time  that 
Francis  Markoe,  removing  to  New  York  City, 
left  it,  and  when,  of  the  earlier  Elders,  Joseph 
Abbott  was  the  only  one  remaining,  he  ap- 


154  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

proved  himself  "  not  a  wliit  behind  the  very 
chiefest."  Working,  like  Robert  Sawyer,  with 
his  own  hands,  day  by  day,  like  Robert  Sawyer 
he  Avas  "  instant  in  season,  out  of  season ; 
purchasing  to  himself  a  good  degree  and  great 
boldness  in  the  faith  which  is  in  Christ  Jesus." 

At  the  close  of  February,  1857,  his  seat  in 
the  Session  and  in  the  Sanctuary,  was  vacant 
because  "  he  was  sick  nigh  unto  death."  It 
was  my  privilege,  almost  daily,  to  speak  to 
him  of  Jesus,  and  to  hear  from  him  the  calm- 
est, most  assuring  testimonies  to  the  power 
and  the  preciousness  of  that  faith  which, 
through  more  than  forty  years,  he  had  pro- 
fessed. 

His  disease  was  typhoid  fever.  On  the 
morning  of  Thursday,  12th  March,  after  a 
sleepless  night,  as  the  light  of  day  streamed 
in  and  the  restlessness  he  had  been  subject  to 
subsided,  he  prayed   aloud  with  manifest  re- 


ELDERS  DYING  IN  OFFICE.  '   155 

freshment,  and,  turning  to  his  daughter,  said^ 
'^  Now  I  think  I  shall  sleep."  Sinking  into 
gentle  slumber,  and  continuing  quiet  for  an 
hour  or  more,  he  was  called  but  heard  not. 
He  slept  in  Jesus.  He  had  died  without 
movement,  and  while  watchful  love  was  guard- 
ing the  stillness  of  his  chamber. 

Charles  Deal,  the  last  of  our  Elders  dying 
in  office,  was,  on  the  thirteenth  day  of  De- 
cember, 1839,  during  the  pastorate  of  Dr. 
Carroll,  received  into  the  communion  of  this 
Church  on  certificate  from  the  Franklin  Street 
Presbyterian  Church  of  Philadelphia.  Elected 
to  the  office  of  Ruling  Elder,  he,  with  four 
others,  was  ordained  and  installed  by  me  on 
the  evening  of  the  day  we  buried  Isaac  Will, 
the  fifteenth  day  of  March,  1857. 

He  first  made  a  profession  of  religion  in 
the  Fifth  Presbyterian  Church,  a  short  time 


156  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

after  its  organization,  and  under  the  ministry 
of  the  Kev.  James  K.  Burch,  the  predecessor 
of  Dr.  Skinner.  His  exercises  of  mind  were 
unusually  pungent;  his  conversion  from  sin 
to  holiness  most  manifest  and  thorough. 

From  the  beginning  of  his  religious  life  to 
its  close,  he  held  steadily  on  his  way.  Never 
swayed  by  impulse,  but  always  moved  by 
principle,  he  was  uniformly  calm,  considerate, 
conscientious,  consistent.  Year  after  year  he 
sat  at  the  head  of  his  Sunday-school  class, 
without  show  of  weariness,  or  without  thought 
of  change.  Year  after  year  he  filled  his  place 
in  the  Sabbath-congregation,  and  in  the  week- 
night  assembly  for  lecture  and  social  prayer, 
nor  seemed  to  imagine  that  other  than  this 
was  at  all  possible. 

His  habitual  sense  of  duty  was  as  strong 
as  I  have  ever  known,  and  yet  his  modesty 
was  as  real  as  his  merit.     Indeed,  if  he  erred 


ELDERS  DYING  IN  OFFICE.  157 

in  any  respect,  it  was  in  not  assuming  in  the 
Church  that  prominence  to  which  his  charac- 
ter, intelligence,  position,  and  the  free  suffrage 
of  his  brethren  alike  entitled  him.  When 
nominated  for  the  Eldership  he  shrank  from 
the  office,  and  would  certainly  have  declined 
it,  if  conscience  had  allowed  him,  but  when 
ordained  and  installed  he  carried  into  the  new 
sphere  of  responsibility  the  same  quiet  earn- 
estness that  he  had  always  shown. 

He  was  permitted,  however,  to  fill  the  office 
but  little  more  than  six  months.  The  sum- 
mer of  1857  found  him  feeble,  and  made  him 
more  so.  Present  at  our  July  communion  he 
went  soon  after  to  the  sea-side,  but  growing- 
weaker  rather  than  stronger  he  returned  to 
the  City,  and,  on  the  morning  of  Monday,  the 
twenty-fourth  day  of  August,  yielded  his  life. 
He  died  as  he  had  livedj  "looking  unto  Jesus." 
On   the   Thursday  following  we  buried  him, 

14 


158  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 


not  witliout  tears :  tears  of  grief  that  lie  had 
gone  from   earth ;  t( 
had  entered  heaven. 


gone  from   earth ;  tears  of  gladness  that  he 


But  I  must  hasten.  Of  the  fifty-two  com- 
municants constituting  this  Church,  Mrs.  Eli- 
zabeth GouRLEY,  Avife  of  John  Gourley,  Elder, 
now  Mrs.  Close,  widow  of  the  late  Henry 
Close,  is  the  only  survivor;  and  she,  to-day, 
is  a  communicant  in  the  Church  on  Sixth 
Street  above  Green.  With  us,  however,  there 
lingers  still  a  venerable  woman,  Mrs.  Sarah 
Moore,  who,  connecting  herself  on  profession 
with  the  Second  Church  in  1805  and  wor- 
shipping at  Second  and  Coates  from  the  open- 
ing there  by  Dr.  Green  of  the  house  which  he 
and  others  built,  was  received  on  certificate 
into  the  communion  of  this  Church,  the  fifth 
day  of  March,  1814,  a  few  weeks  after  Mr. 
Patterson's  installation.     So  far  as  I  know, 


PERPETUITY  OF  CHURCH-LIFE.  159 

these  aged  and  devout  women  are  the  sole 
links  between  our  Church's  present  and  its 
earliest  past. 

To  the  original  fifty-two,  there  have  been 
added,  during  the  half  century,  twenty-five 
hundred  and  two  persons,  an  average  of  fifty 
a  year.  Of  the  whole  number  connected  with 
the  Church  from  the  first,  many  have  died  in 
its  communion ;  many  have  entered  the  com- 
munion of  other  Churches  in  this  City  or  else- 
where ;  some  have  been  dismissed  in  a  body 
to  constitute  new  Churches;  and  some  have 
proved  unfaithful  to  their  covenant  vows. 

What  assurance  have  we  in  this  that  nei- 
ther death  nor  dismission  nor  defection  can 
destroy  an  individual  Church's  life  so  long  as 
it  has  the  favor  of  its  Living  Head.  Through 
fifty  years  this  Church  has  had  a  visible  suc- 
cession, and  shall  have,  through  three  times 
fifty  years  to  come,  if  proving  loyal  to  the 


IGO  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

highest  truth,  and  needful  to  the  gloiy  of  its 
Lord. 

In  the  half  century  now  completed,  this 
Church  has  had  the  oversight  of  four  Presby- 
teries, each  a  constituent  of  the  General  As- 
sembly of  the  Presbyterian  Church  in  the 
United  States  of  America,  namely,  the  Phila- 
delphia Presbytery ;  the  Philadelphia  Second, 
commonly  designated  the  Assembly's  Second; 
the  Philadelphia  Third,  the  same  substan- 
tially as  the  Assembly's  Second ;  and  the 
Philadelphia  Fourth.  With  the  Philadelj)hia 
Presbj^tery  it  was  connected  from  its  organi- 
zation in  1814  to  the  year  1832;  with  the 
Philadelphia  Second,  from  1832  to  1836;  with 
the  Philadelphia  Third,  from  1836  to  1851; 
with  the  Philadelphia  Fourth,  from  1851  to 
this  present  time. 

All  acquainted,  however  slightly,  with  eccle- 


THE  LANDSCAPE'S  EYE.  IGl 

siastical  conflicts  and  changes  in  this  City, 
recognize  in  these  Presbj^terial  connections 
the  outline  of  that  painful  story,  which  tells 
the  cleaving  in  twain  of  the  great  Presbyte- 
rian body,  and  the  standing  apart,  to  this 
day,  in  despite  of  substantial  oneness  in  faith 
and  order,  of  the  powerful  fragments. 

And  now,  having  asked  of  the  days  that 
are  past  in  respect  to  the  first  half  century  of 
our  history  as  a  Church,  I  conclude  all  with 
some  few  thoughts  which  the  inquiry  has 
pressed  upon  me. 

1.  One  thought  is,  the  i^oioer  for  good  of 
every  individual  Church. 

In  the  pictorial  language  of  the  old  He- 
brews, the  word  used  to  express  a  natural 
spring  of  living  water  is  properly  the  word 
for  the  human  eye.  The  idea  thus  enshrined 
is  the  beautiful  one   that  a  bubbling,  ever- 

14- 


1G2  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

flowing  fountain  is  the  eye  of  the  landscape. 
What  life  in  such  an  eye  !  What  greenness, 
growth,  grace,  glory,  all  around  it ! 

Now,  this  Church  of  the  Living  God,  in 
sense  the  very  grandest,  has  been  the  land- 
scape's eye.  Think  of  the  death  and  dark- 
ness which  once  reigned  throughout  the 
Liberties!  Think  of  the  life  and  liaht  which 
from  this  Church,  as  from  an  ever-welling 
spring,  have  steadily  flowed !  What  the  pro- 
23het  saw  as  shadowy  vision,  we  see  as  sub- 
stantial fact:  "Li  the  wilderness  have  waters 
broken  out,  and  streams  in  the  desert;  the 
parched  ground  has  become  a  pool,  and  the 
thirsty  land  springs  of  water." 

2.  But  another  thought,  Avhich  inquiry  of 
the  past  has  brought  home  to  me  with  force, 
is  iJie  responsibility  to  God  and  men  of  every 
individual  memher  of  a  Church, 

When  we  speak  of  forty  prayer-meetings. 


RESPONSIBILITY  OF  INDIVIDUALS.  I(j3 

and  of  twenty-three  Sunday-schools,  sustained 
by  this  Church,  at  various  times,  in  fifty  years, 
we  simply  say  that  very  many  of  the  twenty- 
five  hundred  members  whose  names  have,  first 
and  last,  been  placed  upon  our  Church-roll, 
owned  and  obeyed  the  promptings  of  a  real- 
ized, individual  responsibility.  Not  else  could 
such  results  have  been  achieved.  Those  coral 
islands  which  insects  build,  depend  not  more 
on  the  industry  of  every  tiny  worker,  than 
meetings  for  worship,  and  schools  for  instruc- 
tion, on  the  fidelity  of  every  individual  helper 
in  them. 

Now,  in  strict  proportion  to  the  value,  tem- 
poral and  spiritual,  of  religious  meetings  and 
'Sunday-schools,  is  the  responsibility  to  God 
and  men  of  individual  Church-members.  In 
the  light  of  our  history  Ave  cannot  but  see 
clearly  what  vast  responsibilities  rested  on 
such   faithful   workers    in    the    Eldership  as 


1g4  the  days  that  are  past. 

Joseph  Abbott,  Eobert  Sawyer,  Isaac  Will, 
and  Charles  Deal,  and  on  such  equally  faith- 
ful workers  in  the  membership  as  Cyrus  Dan- 
forth  and  Margaret  Reynolds,  James  Todd 
and  Sarah  Keim,  Harvey  Hand  and  Mary 
Stuart  Davis,  all  now  upon  our  roll  of  honored 
dead. 

But  certainl}^  we  cannot  fail  to  see  in  the 
light  of  this  same  history,  that  responsibilities 
not  less  vast,  rested  on  all  who,  with  abili- 
ties coextensive  with  those  of  the  worthies 
whom  we  honor,  fell  short  in  diligence  and 
duty.  The  good  7 tot  accomplished  by  pro- 
fessed workers  in  the  Master's  vineyard,  is 
quite  as  real  a  measure  of  individual  responsi- 
bility as  that  which  has  been. 

0  brethren !  what  need  for  us  to  lay  all  this 
to  heart !  We  are  now  in  the  place  of  hun- 
dreds who  have  gone  before  us.  From  them 
all ;  from  faithful  and  unfaithful  ones  alike  ; 


SHORTNESS  OF  LIFE'S  WORKING  TERM.       165 

we  catch  the  echoes  of  Christ's  word  to  each 
of  us:  Be  thou  faithful  unto  death. 

3.  But  still  another  thought,  which  inquiry 
of  the  past  has  made  to  me  overwhelmingly 
impressive,  is  the  shortness  of  life's  working 
term. 

As  I  have  read  the  manuscript  records  of 
the  Church  and  Congregation,  following  cha- 
racters traced  by  hands  long  mouldered  into 
dust,  I  have  had  a  buried  generation  round 
me.  Now  the  penmanship  is  that  of  the 
FIRST  pastor  of  this  Church,  and  now  of  the 
THIRD.  Now  the  scribe  brought  vividly  before 
me  is  William  Porter,  a  secretary  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees,  whom  I  never  saw;  and 
now  he  is  Edward  F.  Watson,  a  secretary  of 
this  same  Board,  whom,  ten  years  ago,  I 
buried.  Now,  page  after  page,  is  the  work  of 
that  faithful  Sunday-school  teacher  and  super- 
intendent, Oren  Hyde;  and  now  a  massive 


IGG  THE  DAYS  THAT  ARE  PAST. 

volume  is  the  ten  years'  work  of  that  equally 
faithful  Sunday-school  teacher  and  superin- 
tendent, John  M.  Lindsay. 

In  literal  sense,  I  have  "  entered  into  their 
labors,"  but  the  laborers — where  are  they  ? 
From  pulpit  and  from  pew,  I  hear  their  voices 
Avhispering,  "One  generation  passe th  away, 
and  another  generation  cometh."  Short,  in- 
deed, was  the  term  of  their  working  time,  and 
ours,  brethren,  will  be  as  short! 

Then,  let  us  work  while  it  is  day ;  let  us 
do  with  our  might  what  our  hands  find  to  do. 
"  They  that  be  wise  shall  shine  as  the  bright- 
ness of  the  firmament;  and  they  that  turn 
many  to  righteousness,  as  the  stars  forever 
and  ever." 

The  grace  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  and 
the  love  of  god,  and  the  communion  of  the 
Holy  Ghost  be  with  you  all.     Amen. 


APPENDIX. 


CHAKTER  OF  THE  FIRST  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH 
IN  THE  NORTHERN  LIBERTIES. 


CHARTEE. 

The  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania, 

To  all  to  who7n  these  presents  shall  come,- greeting  : 
Whereas  Providence  has  been  pleased  to  cast  the 
lot  of  the  persons  whose  names  are  hereunto  sub- 
scribed, in  this  highly  favored  country  of  civil  and 
religious  liberty,  where  every  person  may  worship 
Almighty  God  agreeably  to  the  dictates  of  his  con- 
science; and  whereas  the  subscribers,  citizens  of  the 
State  of  Pennsylvania,  and  worshippers  in  the  Pres- 
byterian Church,  at  the  corner  of  Second  and  Coates 
Streets,  in  the  township  of  the  Northern  Liberties, 
and  county  of  Philadelphia,  lately  collegiate  with 
the  Second  Presbyterian  Church,  in  the  city  of 
Philadelphia,  have,  by  and  with  the  consent  of  the 
Trustees  and   people  of  said  Second   Presbyterian 


168  APPENDIX. 

Church,  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  and  sanctioned 
b}"  an  unanimous  resolution  of  the  Presbytery  of 
Philadelphia,  belonging  to  the  General  Assembly  of 
the  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  United  States  of 
America,  convened  at  Philadelphia  on  the  twentieth 
da}^  of  April,  A.  D.  1813,  agreed  to  form  the  people 
worshipping  in  the  building  erected  in  the  Northern 
Liberties,  into  a  Church  distinct  and  separate  from 
the  Second  Presbyterian  Church  in  Philadelphia,  to 
be  styled  "  The  First  Presbyterian  Church  in  the 
Northern  Liberties,"  to  remain  under  the  care  and 
government  of  the  said  Presb^'tery  of  Philadelphia : 

Now  know  3^e,  that  the  said  persons  whose  names 
are  hereunto  subscribed,  citizens  of  the  said  Com- 
monwealth of  Pennsylvania,  having  associated  them- 
selves for  the  purpose  of  worshipping  Almighty 
God,  and  being  desirous  of  acquiring  and  enjoying 
the  powers  and  immunities  of  a  corporation  and 
body  politic  in  law,  it  is  hereby  declared  : 

Section  1.  That  the  said  subscribers  and  their  suc- 
cessors, being  citizens  as  aforesaid,  be,  and  they  are 
hereb}^  constituted  and  declared  to  be  one  body, 
politic  and  corporate  in  law,  by  the  name,  style,  and 
title  of  the  "  First  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  North- 
ern Liberties,"  to  have  perpetual  succession,  and  to 
be  able  to  sue  and  be  sued,  to  plead  and  to  be  im- 
pleaded in  all  courts  of  record,  and  to  receive,  pur- 
chase, hold,  and  enjo/;  to-them  and  their  successors, 
lands,  tenements  and  hereditaments,  goods  and  chat- 
tels, of  whatever  nature,  kind,  or  quality,  real,  person- 
al, or  mixed;  and  the  same  from  time  to  time  to  sell, 


APPENDIX.  1G9 

grant,  demise,  or  dispose  of,  according  to  the  objects, 
articles,  and  conditions  of  this  instrument,  and  ac- 
cording to  the  by-laws  of  the  corporation,  or  the  will 
and  intentions  of  the  donors ;  and  to  make,  have, 
and  use  a  common  seal,  and  the  same  to  break,  alter, 
and  renew  at  their  pleasure,  and  also  to  ordain,  esta- 
blish, and  put  in  execution  such  by-laws,  ordinances, 
and  regulations  as  shall  be  needful  for  the  good 
government  and  support  of  the  aifairs  of  the  said 
corporation,  not  being  contrary  to  the  laws  and  con- 
stitution of  the  United  States,  or  of  this  State,  or  to 
the  articles  and  provisions  of  this  instrument  of 
incorporation ;  and  generally  to  do  all  and  singular 
the  matter  and  thing  which  to  them  shall  appertain 
as  a  body  corporate  in  law ;  provided  always,  that 
the  clear  yearly  value,  income,  interest,  or  dividend 
of  the  messuages,  lands,  real  estate,  hereditaments, 
moneys,  stock,  goods,  or  chattels  of  the  said  corpora- 
tion, shall  not  exceed  the  sum  of  five  hundred  pounds. 
Section  2.  That  the  affairs  of  this  corporation 
shall  be  iftanaged  by  fifteen  Trustees,  to  be  chosen  by 
ballot,  at  such  times  and  in  such  a  manner  and  form 
as  is  hereafter  directed;  provided,  that  the  persons 
who  have  been  already  chosen  as  Trustees,  viz.,  Jo- 
seph Grice,  John  Gourley,  Eobert  Wallace,  Joseph 
Abbott,  Andrew  Manderson,  Joseph  Weatherby, 
Branch  Green,  William  White,  John  M.  Hood,  John 
Baker,  John  Shaw,  Samuel  Ma'cferran,  George  Ben- 
ner,  Benjamin  Naglee,  and  Samuel  Grice,  shall  con- 
tinue to  be  Trustees  of  this  corporation,  until  others 

15 


170  APPENDIX. 

shall  be  chosen  to  succeed  them,  according  to  the 
provisions  of  this  instrument. 

Section  3.  That  of  the  aforesaid  Trustees,  Josej^h 
Grrice,  John  Gourley,  Eobert  Wallace,  Joseph  Abbott, 
and  Andrew  Manderson,  shall  continue  to  serve  until 
the  first  Monday  in  December,  in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  one  thousand. eight  hundred  and  fourteen,  and 
until  others  are  chosen  in  their  stead;  that  Joseph 
Weatherby,  Branch  Green,  William  White,  John  M. 
Hood,  and  John  Baker,  shall  continue  to  serve  until 
the  first  Monday  in  December,  in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  fifteen,  and 
until  others  are  chosen  in  their  stead;  that  John 
Shaw,  Samuel  Macferran,  George  Benner,  Benjamin 
Naglee,  and  Samuel  Grice,  shall  continue  to  serve 
until  the  first  Monday  in  December,  in  the  year  of 
our  Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  sixteen, 
and  until  others  are  chosen  in  their  stead. 

Section  4.  That  on  the  first  Monday  in  December, 
of  every  year,  the  Congregation  shall  meet,  public 
notice  having  been  given  from  the  Clerk's"desk  the 
Sunday  preceding,  for  the  purpose  of  electing,  by 
ballot,  five  jDcrsons  to  supply  the  places  of  those 
Trustees  whose  time  of  service  shall  have  expired  at 
that  period ;  and  the  vacancies  may  be  suj^plied  by 
a  re-election  of  the  same  persons,  or  of  others,  as  may 
seem  good  to  the  Congregation,  and  if  by  accident 
an  election  shall  not  be  held  for  the  purpose  afore- 
said, within  one  month  after  public  notice  having 
been  given,  as  above  stated  :  provided,  those  Trus- 
tees whose  time  of  service  expires  shall  continue  to 


APPENDIX.  171 

serve  until  such  election.  Yacancies  by  death,  remo- 
val, or  resignation  of  any  of  the  Trustees,  may  be 
supplied  by  a  special  meeting  held  for  that  purpose, 
after  public  notice  to  the  Congregation. 

Section  5.  No  person  shall  be  eligible  to  the  office 
of  Trustee,  or  capable  of  voting  for  Trustees,  except 
such  as  contribute  to  the  support  of  the  Minister,  to 
the  Burial-ground,  and  to  the  funds  of  the  Church 
generally,  and  who  shall  hold  a  pew,  or  part  of  a 
pew,  in  the  aforesaid  Church,  in  payment  not  less 
than  one  dollar  and  twenty-five  cents  annually,  and 
shall  not  be  in  arrears  for  pew  rent  more  than  one 
year  at  the  time  of  election. 

Section  6.  That  the  Trustees  shall  meet  within 
three  days  after  the  election  on  the  first  Monday  in 
December  of  every  year,  and  select  by  ballot  from 
among  themselves,  a  President,  Secretary,  and  Trea- 
surer, and  it  shall  be  in  the  power  of  the  Trustees  to 
remove  all  or  any  of  the  aforesaid  officers,  whenever 
in  their  opinion  the  good  of  the  Congregation  re- 
quires. The  Treasurer  shall  receive  and  account  for 
all  moneys  coming  to  his  hands  belonging  to  the 
Church ;  shall  give  ample  security  on  his  accepting 
the  office;  and  shall  have  his  accounts  settled  an- 
nually, to  be  laid  before  the  Congregation  at  their 
annual  election  for  Trustees. 

Section  7.  That  a  majority  of  the  Trustees  shall 
form  a  quorum  to  transact  all  business;  they  shall 
keep  fair  records  of  their  proceedings ;  their  power 
shall  extend  to  letting  or  renting  pews,  collecting 
pew  rents,  and  dues  of  the  corporation;  keeping  the 


172  APPENDIX. 

hoTise  in  repair;  paying  the  interest  and  debts  of  the 
corporation  ;  choosing  a  Clerk  and  Sexton,  with  full 
powers  to  dismiss  both  or  either  of  them,  and  choose 
others,  whenever  it  shall  seem  good;  collecting  and 
paying  the  salaries  of  the  Minister,  Clerk,  and  Sex- 
ton :  provided,  that  the  said  Trustees  shall  have  no 
power  to  sell,  alienate,  or  dispose  of  the  property,  or 
expend  the  funds  of  the  Congregation  for  any  pur- 
pose whatever  (except  the  salaries  of  Minister,  Clerk, 
and  Sexton)  beyond  the  sum  of  three  hundred  dol- 
lars per  annum,  without  the  consent  of  a  majority  of 
a  congregational  meeting,  convened  for  the  purpose 
after  due  notification. 

Section  8.  Whenever  a  special  meeting  of  the 
Congregation  shall  be  deemed  necessary  by  a  majo- 
rity of  the  Trustees,  it  shall  be  their  duty  to  call  the 
Congregation  together,  by  giving  notice  in  the  usual 
form,  at  least  three  days  previous  to  the  meeting, 
stating  the  time  when,  the  place  where,  and  the 
purpose  for  which  the  meeting  is  to  be  held. 

(Here  follow  the  signatures  of  the  subscribers  to  the  foregoing 
instrument.) 

1  certify  that  I  have  perused  and  examined  the 
foregoing  instrument,  and  am  of  opinion  that  the  ob- 
jects, articles,  and  conditions,  therein  set  forth  and 
contained,  are,  lawful. 

Jaret)  Ingersoll, 

December  14th,  1813.  Attorney-General. 


APPENDIX.  173 

We,  the  Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  Com- 
monwealth of  Pennsylvania,  hereby  certify  that  we 
have  carefully  examined  the  foregoing  instrument  of 
writing,  and  concur  in  opinion  with  the  Attorney- 
General,  that  the  objects,  articles,  and  conditions, 
therein  set  forth  and  contained,  are  lawful. 

Witness  our  hands,  this  sixteenth  day  of  Decem- 
ber, in  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and 
thirteen. 

Wllliam  Tilghman, 
J.  Yeates, 

Hugh  P.  Brackenridge. 
Pennsylvania,  ss. 
In  the  name,  and  by  the  authority,  of  the  Common- 
wealth of  Pennsylvania, 
Simon  Snyder,  Governor  of  the  said  Commonwealth, 
to  Nathaniel  B.  Boileau,  Esq.,  Secretary  of  the  said 
Commonwealth,  sends  greeting : 

Whereas  it  has  been  duly  certified  to  me 
[seal.]  by  Jared  Ingersoll,  Attorney-General  of  the 
said  Commonwealth,  and  by  William  Tilgh- 
man, Esq.,  Chief  Justice,  Jasper  Yeates,  and  Hugh 
P.  Brackenridge,  Esqrs.,  Associate  Judges  of  the  Su- 
preme Court  of  Pennsylvania,  that  they  have  re- 
spectively perused  and  examined  the  annexed  act, 
or  instrument  for  the  incorporation  of  the  '■^First 
Presbyterian  Church  in  the  Northern  Liberties'^  and 
that  they  concur  in  opinion  that  the  objects,  articles, 
and  conditions,  therein  set  forth  and  contained,  are 
lawful : 

Now  know  you,  that  in  pursuance  of  an  act  of  the 

15* 


1 74  APPENDIX. 

rjeneral  AsHcmbl)^,  passed  the  sixth  day  of  April, 
in  tlie  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  seven  hun- 
dred and  ninety-one,  entitled  '•  An  act  to  confer 
on  certain  associations  of  the  citizens  of  this  Com- 
monwealth, the  powers  and  immunities  of  corj^ora- 
tions,  or  bodies  politic  in  law,"  I  have  transmitted  the 
said  act,  or  instrument  of  incorporation,  unto  you, 
the  said  Nathaniel  B.  Boileau,  Esq.,  Secretary  as  afore- 
said, hereby  requiring  you  to  enrol  the  same  at  the 
expense  of  the  applicants ;  to  the  intent,  that  accord- 
ing to  the  objects,  articles,  and  conditions,*  therein 
set  forth  and  contained,  the  parties  may  become  and 
be  a  corporation,  and  body  j)olitic  in  law  and  in  fact, 
to  have  continfiance  by  the  name,  style,  and  title,  in 
the  said  instrument  provided  and  declared. 

Given  under  my  hand,  and  the  great  seal  of  the 
State,  at  Harrisburg,  the  fifth  day  of  January,  one 
thousand   eio-ht  hundred   and  fourteen,   and  of  the 
Commonwealth,  the  thirty-eighth. 
By  the  Grovernor. 

JS".  B.  Boileau, 

Secretary. 

K.  B.  Boileau, 

Secretary. 

Secretary's  Office,  Harrisburg,  January 
[SEAL.]  6th,  1814.  Enrolled  in  the  office  of  the  Se- 
cretary of  the  Commonwealth,  in  book  No. 
1,  page  315,  &c.  &c.,  containing  a  record  of  sundry 
incorporations  of  religious,  charitable,  and  literary 
societies.  Witness  my  hand,  and  the  lesser  seal  of 
the  State,  at  Harrisburg  aforesaid,  the  day  and  year 
aforesaid. 


APPENDIX. 


i'o 


II. 


TKUSTEES  OF  THE  EIEST  PEESBYTERIAN  CHURCH 
IN  THE  NORTHERN  LIBERTIES. 

The  corporate  number  of  Trustees  is  fifteen,  di- 
vided into  three  classes,  which  serve  one,  two,  and 
three  years  respectively.  Of  the  Trustees  in  the 
following  list,  many  were  re-elected  at  various  times, 
but  their  names  appear  but  once  in  connection  with 
the  first  year  of  their  election.  The  time  of  annual 
election  is  the  first  Monday  in  December.  Presi- 
dents of  the  Board  are  designated  by  small  capitals. 


TRUSTEES. 

Joseph  Grice, 
John  Gourley, 
Robert  Wallace, 
Joseph  Abbott, 
Andrew  Manderson 
Joseph  Weatherby, 
Branch  Green, 
William  White, 
John  M,  Hood, 
John  Baker, 
John  Shaw,     . 
Samuel  Macferran, 
George  Benner, 
Benjamin  Naglee, 
Samuel  Grice,  . 
John  Naglee,    . 
John  Brown,    . 
Robert  Brooke, 


YEAR  OF  ELECTION. 
1813. 


1814. 


176 


APPENDIX. 


TRUSTEES. 

Rees  Morris, 
Thomas  White, 
Andrew  Wray, 
Charles  Dingey, 
Francis  Markoe, 
"William  A.  Stokes, 
Samuel  S.  Barry, 
Joseph  Pond,    . 
Isaac  Will, 
Charles  Anderson, 
Charles  Elliott, 
William  Porter, 
William  Simons, 
John  Doughty, 
Cyrus  Danforth, 
William  Bruner, 
Leonard  Jewell, 
William  Heiss, 
J.  George  Flegel, 
Adam  H.  Hinkel, 
George  Shade,  . 
John  Dickerson, 
Henry  Close,     . 
John  Hooker,    . 
George  Cragg,  . 
Jacob  W.  Smith, 
Hugh  S.  Magee, 
John  Keim, 
E.  IST.  Bridges, 
Joseph  Ketler, 
George  Wilson, 
Horatio  Sansbury,  M 
James  Patterson, 
James  Russell, 
Joseph  Naglee, 


.D. 


YEAR  OF    ELECTION. 
1814. 

1815. 


1816. 


1817. 
<( 

a 

1818. 

n 
II 
li 

1819. 

1820. 

1821. 
1823. 


1824. 
1825. 


1826. 


1828. 


APPENDIX. 


177 


TRUSTEES. 

John  Moore, 
Isaac  Wright,  . 
Matthew  Walker,     . 
Andrew  Fenton,    . 
James  Donnelly, 
William  Heaton, 
Jacob  Stout, 
Thomas  Wilson,  M.D., 
William  P.  Aitken, 
Smith  Law, 
Andrew  D.  Caldwell, 
Seth  Collom,     . 
Jacob  Painter, 
William  Piss,  . 
Lemuel  P.  Burton,  . 
M.  M.  Levis,  M.D., 
Samuel  Kirkpatrick, 
H.  Kellogg,      . 
Ezekiel  B.  Poster,    . 
James  Hunt, 
Henry  Young, 
William  Soby, 
Thomas  B.  Smith,    . 
James  Todd,    , 
William  W.  Perrine,.M 
Nicholas  Helverson, 
Stilwell  Eldredge,    . 
Nicholas  B.  Unruh, 
Anthony  M.  Warthman 
Henry  Bellerjeau,     . 
Benjamin  Schlatter, 
William  Stratton,     . 
James  White,  . 
Anthony  Green, 
John  M.  Test,  . 


D. 


YEAR  OF   ELECTION 

1828. 


1829. 


1830. 
1831. 


1832. 


1833. 
1834. 


1835. 

1836. 
1837. 


1838. 

1839. 
1840. 


1841. 


178 


APPENDIX. 


TRUSTEES. 

Harvey  Hand, 

James  S.  Smith, 
Jenkin  P.  Tutton, 
John  M.  Lindsay, 
Thomas  Leitch, 
Alexander  W.  Hall, 
Martin  Bellows, 
James  Gay, 
Robert  Haig, 
James  T.  Brodie, 
Edward  F.  Watson, 
Eli  H.  Eldridge, 
James  Mitchel, 
Peter  A.  Jordan, 
William  D.  Baker, 
Christian  Dull, 
Edward  Hobart, 
Jacob  Wagner, 
Robert  Lindsay, 
Jesse  M.  Cook, 
Simeon  T.  Zane, 
William  S.  Magee, 
Thomas  Woodbury 
Enos  Bartlett,  . 
Henry  S.  Tarr, 
J.  Atlee  White, 
Jacob  H.  Ziegenfus, 
Oliver  A.  Lindsay, 
Thomas  Darling,  M.D., 
George  S.  Sharp, 
William  Kennedy, 
Isaac  D.  Budd, 
William  S.  Black, 
Oscar  Knipe,     . 
John  S.  Hoflfman, 


YEAR  OF   ELECTION. 

1842. 


1843. 
1844. 


1845. 

(( 

1846. 

It 

1847. 


1848. 
1849. 


1850. 

a 
ii 

1851. 
1852. 

1853. 

(( 

1854. 


1855. 
185(3. 
1857. 


APPENDIX. 

17^ 

TRUSTEES. 

YEAR  OF   ELECTION 

Natlianiel  0.  Bennett, 

.         1857. 

Jacob  T.  Whilt, 

( I 

Charles  Bossert, 

a 

Joseph  W.  Norbury, 

.      1858. 

Charles  H.  Eldredge, 

i  i 

John  F.  Taggart, 

.      1860. 

John  T.  Sawyer, 

<< 

Joseph  Campbell, 

a 

Kichard  S.  Cline, 

it 

Charles  H.  Davis, 

a 

John  Philip  Erwin, 

.      1861. 

John  Gay, 

.      1862. 

TKUSTEES  IN  OFFICE,  JANUAEY,  1864. 


Thomas  Woodbury,  President. 

Joseph  W.  Norbury,  Secretary. 

John  Gay,  Treasurer. 

William  S.  Magee,  Pew  Agent. 

Charles  H.  Eldredge. 

Charles  Bossert. 

Martin  Bellows. 

Nathaniel  O.  Bennett. 

John  T.  Sawyer. 

John  F.  Taggart. 

William  Kennedy. 

Joseph  Campbell. 

Richard  S.  Cline. 

Oliver  A.  Lindsay. 

John  Philip  Erwin. 


180 


APPENDIX. 


III. 


NAMES  OF  COMMUNICANTS 

Dismissed  from  Philadelphia  Second  Presbyterian 
Church,  to  Constitute  "The  First  Presbyterian 
Church  in  the  Northern  Liberties." 


Samuel  Macferran, 
Joseph  Abbott, 
John  Grourley, 
Thomas  White,, 
Peter  Benner, 
Sarah  Henderson, 
Susannah  Lutz, 
William  White, 
Sarah  Crawford, 
Margaret  Patterson, 
Margaret  Wallace, 
Elizabeth  Forsj'th, 
Elizabeth  Wallheimer, 
Joseph  Grice, 
Mary  Grice, 
Margaret  Naglee, 
Ann  Ford, 
Mary  Eice, 
Susannah  Ziegler, 
Elizabeth  Ziegler, 
Catharine  Dempsey, 
Catharine  Hartman, 
Susannah  Pollock, 
Lucretia  Fry, 
Martha  Craige, 
Sarah  Fenton, 


Mary  Green, 
Mary  Macferran, 
Nancy  White, 
Susannah  McClurg, 
Rebecca  Wilson, 
Jane  White, 
Jane  Campbell,  Sr., 
Jane  Campbell,  Jr., 
Joshua  Burley, 
Rebecca  Burley, 
Mary  Smith, 
Amey  Free, 
Elizabeth  Jones, 
Margaret  Crawford, 
Mary  Phile, 
John  M.  Hood, 
Francis  Grice, 
Benjamin  Wells, 
Elizabeth  Segar, 
Mary  Wells, 
William  Wallace, 
Andrew  Manderson, 
Elizabeth  Manderson, 
Elizabeth  Abbott, 
Elizabeth  Gourley. 


APPENDIX.  181 

In  the  above  list  there  are  but  fifty-one  names. 
Fifty-two  persons,  in  November,  1813,  asked  to  be 
dismissed,  but,  before  the  dismission,  one,  Margaret 
White,  had,  it  is  supposed,  deceased.  On  the  day  of 
the  ordination  and  installation  of  the  Session,  23d 
May,  1813,  Thomas  A.  Starrett  was  admitted  to 
the  communion,  and  was  reckoned  with  those  con- 
stituting the  Church.  A  few  weeks  after  Mr.  Pat- 
terson's installation,  the  following  persons,  in  con- 
nection with  the  Second  Church,  but  worshipping 
statedly  at  Second  and  Coates  Streets,  were  added  to 
the  original  communicants,  * 

Susannah  Ferguson,  Margaret  Templeton, 

Lydia  Dusenberry,  Sarah  Hamlin, 

Deborah  Johnston,  Elizabeth  Johnston, 

John  Moore,  Rachel  Morris, 

Sarah  Moore,  Mary  Engle. 


lY. 


SUPERINTENDENTS  OF  THE  SUNDAY-SCHOOLS 

Established   at    various  Times,    and    sustained    for 
longer  or  shorter  periods,  by  members  of  phila- 
DELPHIA N.  L.  First  Church, 

The  lists  of  Superintendents  in  such  schools  as 
were  controlled  by  the  Union  Sabbath-school  As- 
sociation, whose  records  from  February,  1820,  are 
the  only  records  now  accessible,  show  the  names  in 
the  order  of  t\iQ\v  first  election,  regardless  of  subse- 
quent elections,  or  of  repeated  transfers  from  one 
school  to  another.     As  some  of  these  earlier  schools 

16 


182  APPENDIX. 

had  male  and  female  departments,  with  correspond- 
ent superintendents,  their  lists,  for  a  limited  period, 
show  names  that  were  contemporaneous. 

Of  the  schools  that  were  under  the  care  of  the 
Combined  Association,  and  of  those  begun  by  indi- 
viduals acting  independently,  no  accurate  lists  can 
be  given.  The  lists  as  given  are  entirely  from  recol- 
lection, and  cannot  claim  to  be  full. 


CoATE^  Street  School,  U.  S.  S.  A. 

Designated  thus  from  its  establishment  in  1815  to 
its  removal  in  1833  to  the  new  Church  edifice,  when 
it  was  named  Buttonwood  Street  School. 

PRINCIPAL.  ASSISTANT. 

Margaret  Keynolds, 

Cyrus  Danforth, 

Martha  Agnew,  Maria  Morgan. 

T.  K.  M.  Anderson, 

William  Cunningham, 

William  P.  Aitken, 

Benjamin  Naglee, 

Joseph  Naglee. 

BuTTONwooD  Street  School,  U.  S.  S.  A. 

At  the  removal  from  Coates  Street  to  Buttonwood 
Street,  William  P.  Aitken  was  superintendent.  His 
successors  were 


APPENDIX.  183 

PRINCIPAL.  ASSISTANT. 

Lemuel  P.  Burton, 

Samuel  Kirkpatrick, 

James  Hunt, 

James  Todd, 

John  M.  Lindsay",  James  S.  Smith, 

James  S.  Smith,  Thomas  Leitcli, 

Anthony  M.  Warthman,  Nicholas  B.  Unruh, 

Peter  A.  Jordan, 
Henry  Bellerjeau, 
Horatio  B.  Lincoln. 

Of  the  above  list,  Anthony  M.  AVarthman  and  Ho- 
ratio B.  Lincoln  are  the  superintendents  at  the  pre- 
sent time. 

II. 

Spring  Garden  School,  TJ.  S.  S.  A. 

PRINCIPAL.  ASSISTANT. 

Oren  Hyde, 

Margaret  Wolbert, 

Joseph  Naglee, 

William  Soby,    .  Simeon  T.  Zane. 

Of  the  above  list,  William  Soby  was  superintend- 
ent, by  successive  election,  from  1825  to  1851,  a  period 
of  more  than  a  quarter  century. 

III. 

CoHOCKSiNK  School,  U.  S.  S.  A. 

PRINCIPAL, 

Edward  Keynolds,  Kobert  Adair, 

Jacob  Stout,  William  Erhardt, 

William  Cunningham,  William  Mulison, 

John  M.  Test,  Thomas  P.  Aitken, 

Thomas  Wilson. 


184 


APPENDIX. 


IV. 


Kensington  School,  U.  S.  S.  A. 


PRINCIPAL. 

Eliza  Soiider, 
Maria  Morgan, 
Ephraim  Crowell, 
Elizabeth  B.  Smith, 
Elizabeth  White, 
John  M.  Test, 
Thomas  P.  Aitken, 
David  B.  Ayres, 
William  E.  Cornwell, 
Jacob  Stout, 
Harvey  Hand, 
William  Stratton, 
James  S.  Smith, 
Jacob  H,  Ziegenfus, 
Henry  C.  Sheppard, 


ASSISTANT. 


Anthony  M.  Warthman, 
Thomas  Leitch, 
Christian  Dull, 
Daniel  M.  Price, 
Enos  Bartlett, 
Charles  D.  Shaw, 
Henry  C.  Sheppard. 


V. 

Colored  School,  U.  S.  S.  A. 

PRINCIPAL. 


Joseph  Naglee, 
Oren  Hyde, 
William  Heaton, 


William  P.  Aitken, 
William  Mulison, 
John  Erhardt. 


VI. 

Nazarene  School,  U.  S.  S.  A. 

PRINCIPAL. 

William  Erhardt,  Joseph  Naglee, 

Joseph  Aitken. 


APPENDIX.  185 

VII. 

First  Combined  School,  Second   Street   and   Ger- 
mantown  Road. 

Superintendents  not  known. 
VIII. 

Second  Combined  School,  in  third  story  of  Lecture- 
Eoom  on  Coates  Street. 

PRINCIPAL. 

Charles  Bender,  George  Warner, 

Samuel  Kirkpatrick. 


IX. 

Third  Combined  School,  in  Ulrick's  Alley. 

PRINCIPAL. 

Philip  Hess,  Charles  Bender. 

Fourth  Combined  School^  in  Hope  Street. 

PRINCIPAL. 

William  E.  Corn  well,  Andrew  Caldwell. 

XI. 

Barton  School'. 

PRINCIPAL. 

Maria  Morgan. 
IG* 


18G  APPENDIX. 

XII. 
Hart  Lane  School. 

PRINCIPAL. 

Anthony  M.  Warthman,  James  McMuUin, 

John  Cassner. 

XIII. 

EisiNG  Sun  School. 

PRINCIPAL. 

Adam  H.  Hinkel,  Samuel  P.  Shoch. 

XIV. 

Eace  Street  School. 

PRINCIPAL. 

Leclden  Davis. 
XV. 

Eastburn  School. 

PRINCIPAL. 

Seth  Collom,  Charles  C.  Aitken. 

XVI. 

Kirke  White  School. 

PRINCIPAL. 

Thomas  Brainerd,  Matthew  Walker, 

Samuel  Kirkpatrick,  Charles  C.  Aitken. 


APPENDIX.  187 


XVII. 
Infant  School,  TJ.  S.  S.  A. 

PRINCIPAL. 

Mrs.  Kev.  James  Patterson,      Miss  Caroline  E.  Elmes, 
Miss  Mary  C.  Patterson,  Mrs.  Julia  Hall, 

Miss  Julia  Patterson,  Miss  Emma  H.  Patterson, 

Miss  Margaret  Soby,  Miss  Sarah  C.  Patterson, 

Miss  Mary  K.  Stevenson. 

Of  the  above  list,  Miss  Emma  H.  Patterson,  Miss 
Sarah  C.  Patterson,  and  Miss  Mary  K.  Stevenson 
are,  at  present,  the  associated  teachers. 


XVIII. 

Missionary  School. 

PRINCIPAL. 

William  S.  Keim,  Samuel  Kirkpatrick, 

Almon  Bardin. 

XIX. 

Marion  School. 

PRINCIPAL. 

Thomas  B.  Smith,  James  Graham, 

Joseph  Stoneman. 

At  the  opening  of  this  school,  6th  December,  1835, 
the  following  hymn,  written  by  Thomas  E.  Eoss, 
was  sung: 


188  APPENDIX. 


Hymn. 


Blessed  Saviour  !  smile  propitious 

On  this  little  gathering  here  : 
Are  not  groups  of  children  ])recious 

When  before  Thee  they  appear  ? 

Now  we  bring  the  heart-oblation, 

Humble  though  the  ofF'ring  be; 
Now  Ve  make,  a  consecration 

Of  this  Sunday-school  to  Thee. 

May  we  come  with  feelings  fervent, 
"While  we  bow  before  Thy  throne ; 

Make  each  teacher  here  Thy  servant, 
Make  this  Sunday-school  Thine  own. 

To  Thy  feet  we  come,  dear  Saviour, 

And  we  there  our  off' ring  lay; 
May  we  now  obtain  Thy  favor; 

For  Thy  blessing  now  we  pray. 

Mr.  Ross,  for  many  years  a  faithful  Sunday-school 
teacher,  despite  infirmities  Avhich  many  would  have 
judged  sufficient  to  exempt  him,  has,  since  the  above 
notice  of  the  Marion  School  was  written,  deceased. 
He  listened  to  the  semi-centenary  discourses  with 
great  interest,  having  given  the  pastor  much  valuable 
information,  but  before  the  discourses  were  printed, 
he  passed  from  the  labors  of  earth  to  the  rest  of 
Heaven. 

XX. 

CoATES  Street  Colored  School. 

PRINCIPAL. 

David  Henderson. 


APPENDIX.  189 

XXI. 

Union  School,  TJ.  S.  S.  A. 

PRINCIPAL. 

Charles  S.  Rea. 
XXII. 

Penn  Hose  School,  U.  S.  S.  A. 

PRINCIPAL. 

William  Stratton. 
XXIII. 

Briggsville  School,  U.  S.  S.  A. 

PRINCIPAL. 

"William  Hutton,  Jr.,  Eev.  Alvin  H.  Parker. 


190 


APPENDIX. 


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